f;Èkl muK ld,hla‌ isr.;j isá mQcH Wvqfõ Oïudf,dal ysñfhda bl=;a isl=rdod wêlrKfhka wem ,nd Wka jykafia r|jd isá uyr nkaOkd.drfhka ksla‌u .shy wêlrK ksfhda.hlg wkqj Oïudf,dal ysñhka isr.; lrkq ,enqfõ ks;Hkql+, fkdjk wkaoñka we;a megjl= we;s oeä lf<a hEhs mjiñks

ta flfia fj;;a furg ish¨‍ ck;djg iquOqr y~lska nqoaO foaYkdfõ yrh lshd fokakg ksrka;rj lemjQ Wkajykafia iqmqreÿ Ydka; .ukska hq;=j uyr nkaOkd.drfha fodrgqfjka msg;g msh uksk fudfydf;a Wka jykafiaj uqK.eiS isÿjQ ish,a, Oïudf,dal ysñhkaf.ka wid oek .ekSfï wjia‌:djla‌ wmg ,eì‚

tys§ Wkajykafia fndfyda foa lSy kuq;a ta lsis;a ;=< ffjÍ l;d fyda miq;eùfï i,l=Kl=ÿ fkdùh Oïudf,dal ysñhka isr.; flrefKa we;a megjl= yod jvd .ekSu ksidh ud Wkajykafia uqK .eiqKq fudfydf;a uq,skau tlS fpdaokdj ms<sn| Oïudf,dal ysñhka fufia woyia‌ ola‌jkakg úh

wfma rfÜ nqÿ oyu m%;sIaGdmkh lf&lt;a ñys÷ ysñhka Wka jykafia oyu, o¾Ykh ú;rla‌ fkfï f.kdfõ ixia‌lD;sh, iNH;ajh, lDIsl¾uh, l,dj wd§ f,iska ish,a, ta ;=< ;snqKd fuys§ tla‌ jeo.;a wjia‌:djla‌ isys l< hq;=hs

foajdkïmsh;sia‌i rc;=uka :Qmdrduh yokakg iQodkï jQ wjia‌:dfõ jrla‌ ñys÷ ysñhka uqK.eiS Wkajykafiaf.ka jeo.;a úuiSula‌ l<d ta od.efí ;ekam;a lsÍug f.fkk i¾j{ Od;+ka jykafia,d ;ekam;a lrkafka fld;ekloehs ysñhfka f,iskqhs

fuys§ ñys÷ ysñhka rc;=udg ÿkakq WmfoaYh jqfKa Od;+ka jykafia,d od.efí ;ekam;a lrk f;la‌ yia‌;shl= msgu; ;ekam;a l< hq;=hs hkakhs tod ;uhs wfma rfÜ we;l= msg i¾j{ Od;+ka ;ekam;a lsÍfï ixia‌lD;sl wdrïNh isoaO jqfKa

tod b|ka ;uhs yia‌;shl= msg Od;+ka jykafia,d jevuùu iy ;ekam;a lsÍu wm wdrïN lf&lt;a tod b|ka wfma rcjre furg fYaIaG;u Od;+ka jykafia jk oka; Od;+ka jykafia jevuùug yia‌;s rdchl= fhdod .;a;d

fï ixia‌lD;sl Ndú;dj iu. wfma rcjre w;S;fha isg úydria‌:dkj,g w,s we;=ka mQcd l<d m%N+ka w,s we;=ka ÿkakd /ln,d .kak

miqj ta w,s we;=ka nqÿrcdKka jykafiag lrk f.!rjhla‌ f,i ;uhs fmryer ldf,g ta wh wrf.k wdfõ fï w;f¾ ;uhs ld,hdf.a wejEfuka 1505 § iqÿ wêrdcHjd§ka wfma rg wdl%uKh lf&lt;a tys§ tla‌;rd ld,hl iqÿ cd;sl fckrd,ajrfhla‌ o<od fmryer keröug uykqjr la‌ùkaia‌ fydag,hg meñK fmryer kerUqjd

tys§ o<od fmryer ÿgq Tyq o<od jykafia /f.k w;sYh .dïNSr f,i fmryef¾ hk yia‌;s rdchd oel thg B¾IHd lrkak mgka.;a;d Tyq ta o¾Ykh oel oeä fia lsmqKd Tyq miqodu ksfhda.hla‌ ÿkakd wfma rfÜ isák w,s we;=ka olsk olsk ;ek§ >d;kh l< hq;=hs lsh,d

fï fckrd,ajrhd muKla‌ w,s we;=ka fooyia‌ .Kkla‌ fjä ;nd udrd oeuqjd tod iqÿ cd;slfhla‌ fíl¾ia‌ we,a, fydhd .;af;;a fï wkaoug w,s we;=ka >d;kh lrkak lef,a weúof.k hefï m%;sM,hla‌ úÈyg iqÿ cd;slhka W;aidy oerefõ ,xldfjka w,s we;=ka j| lr oukak ta fmryerg oela‌jQ úfrdaOhla‌ f,i

Wka jykafia wfma ta b;sydifha l;dj lSfõ tf,isks ta yd ne£ mj;sk iqÿ wêrdcHjd§kaf.a j;auka l;djo wmQre tlls todo iqÿ cd;slhka W;aidy oerfõ wfma ixia‌lD;sl ne£u jk .uhs, mkai,hs, jejhs, od.enhs hk wfma Wreuhg myr fokakgh miq.shod kjiS,ka; w.ue;sjrhd furg ixpdrh l< wjia‌:dfõ mskakj, w,s wkd:d.drfha ye§ jevqKq wkac,S kï we;skakf.a kkaÈ kue;s w,s megjd kjiS,ka;hg m%odkh lrkakg rch lghq;= lf&lt;ah

fï kkaÈg kjiS,ka;hg hkakg ,hsika ;snqKdoehs wms fkdoksuq tfy;a kkaÈ ke;s ÿl wkac,Sg oefkk nj kï wms oksuq flfia fj;;a kkaÈ /f.k kjiS,ka; w.ue;sjrhd hkakg .sfhah tfy;a Tyq tfia msgj hoa§ tod isÿjQ wfma fmryer ux.,Hhg tfrys wêrdcHjd§ l=uka;%Kh fyj;a wfma Wreuhg myr §fï w¨‍;a l;dj È. yefrñka ;sfnkafka flfiao@ Oïudf,dal ysñfhda ta l;djo lSfõ fufiah

˜‍tod iqÿ cd;slhka l< ta jevms<sfj< wo ;j;a wdldrhlska isÿ lrñka ;sfnkjd ta i;aj ysxikh hkak mjiñka w,s we;=ka fmryer ixia‌lD;sfhka bj;a lsÍug W;aidy oeÍu wo úcd;slhka ta y~ u;= lsÍu i|yd wfma whju mqreÿ mqyqKq lr uqo,a ,nd § fhdojd isákjd

ta msßi wo jirla‌ wjidkfha fï l;dj lshñka úYd, y~la‌ u;=lr fmkajkjd ta ;=< iïmq¾Kfhkau ;sfnkafka msgrg uqo,a ,nd .ekSfï jqjukdj wo úydria‌:dkj, isá mqxÑ w,s megjqka bj;a lsÍug lghq;= lrkq ,enqfõ;a fï lshk msßi Tjqka l,amkd l<d fï w,s ál úydria‌:dkj,ska bj;a l<fyd;a oekg isák f,dl= w,s ñh .shdhska miq fmryer lsÍug w,s ke;sfjhs lshd Tjqka W;aidy orkafka ta wruqK bgq lr .kak

t;k§ Tjqka ;j;a u;hla‌ f.kshñka isákjd tal ;uhs fï w,s megjqka we;skakshka ur,d /f.k wdjhs lshk tl yenehs tfyu urmq tl we;skakshla‌j;a fld;k§j;a ;ju fmkakqfõ keye wo fldÉÑhlg w,sfhla‌ yemamqfKd;a fmakjd yla‌mgia‌ wd§ f,iska úúO wkaoñka w,s ñh.sh wjia‌:dj, tajd fmkajkjd jejl, j<l jeá,d ysáh;a fmkajkjd ta w,s Tla‌fldu fmkakqj;a megõ .kak lsh,d urmq tl we;skaksfhla‌j;a fmkakqjo@

keye ljqreyß tfyu urkjd kï talg uq,skau úreoaO jk Nsla‍IQkajykafia;a uu tal uyfmd<j kqyQ,k wmrdOhla‌ ta;a fï wh lrkafka fndrejla‌ fïl /jàula‌ mkai,aj, bkak, tod b|,d fmryerj,g w,s §mq m%N+ wh <Õ bkak fmdä megõ ál fldfyduyß w,a,,d bj;a lsÍu fï lrkafka wfma fmryer ixia‌lD;sh úkdY lsÍug W;aidy oeÍula‌ fï lrkafka

fu;k§ Tjqka rdcH wdh;k;a wdl%uKh lr isákjd wo ryia‌ fmd,sish rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk úiska iïmQ¾Kfhkau wdl%uKh lr,d ;sfnkafka kS;sm;s fomd¾;fïka;=j;a w,a,,d, wêlrK ks,Odßkq;a úYd, m%udKhla‌ fudjqkag wyqfj,d bkafka

oeka fudjqka lshkjd mskakj,ska iy Wvj,j we;a w;=re fijkska fmryer i|yd w,s fokak mq¿jka lsh,d tal iïmQ¾Kfhkau kS;sÍ;sj,g mgyekshs fï w,a,.;a;= w,skag n,m;a ke;s tl jrola‌ ;uhs talg udj ysf¾ oeïug lsisu ;ryla‌ keye uu tal ú¢kjd

yenehs uu wykafka uf.a mkai,g ljqre yß f.k;a oeïu, tfyu ke;skï f.k;a ÿkakd, mQcd l<d lshuq ñ,§ .;a;d jf.a ´ku fohla‌ lshuq, ta fudkj jqK;a j.lsj hq;af;da ueÈy;a fj,d lrkak ´fka fïlo@ keye Tjqka l< hq;af;a wkd.;hg fmryer lrkak fï w,s ál iqrla‍Is; lr,d, kS;s.; lr,d úydria‌:dkj,g ,nd §uhs l< hq;af;a

rcfha bvï lshkafk;a fmÿ foam< ta;a rcfha bvul ljqre yß f.hla‌ yeÿfjd;a ta whj f.j,aj,ska t<shg odk isß;la‌ keyefka miq ld,Skj Tjqkag n,m;%hla‌ ,nd §fuka fyda tys jdih lrkak bvyßkjd ta jf.a f.dvla‌ foaj,a rfÜ isoaO fjkjd

wehs tfyu lrkak mq¿jkalu ;sìh§ fïlg ú;rla‌ fufyu lrkafkawo rfÜ ;sfnk tlu m%Yakh fïlo@ ck;djg wm%udK lror, wm%udK ndOl, ñksia‌iq Ôj;a fjkafka wudrefjka m%Yak bjrhla‌ keye wo wdKa‌vqj;a lshkjd Kh nr jeähs lsh,d

tfyu ;sfhoa§ wfma fn!oaOlug, wfma ixia‌lD;shg, wfma fï uy fmdf<djg, wfma kS;shg, wfma ck;djg, nqoaO Ydikhg iy mkai,g fkd.e<fmk uyd ÿIag ta jf.au w;sYhskau úkdYldÍ jevms<sfj<la‌ fï md,lfhda iy n,Odßka mj;ajdf.k hkjd

w,s megjqka Tia‌fia wfmalug myr fok ta l;dj tfia fjoa§ fï w,s m%Yakh fmrg oud ryia‌ fmd,sisfha ks,Odßka Wvqfõ Oïudf,dal ysñhka w;awvx.=jg .;a ta wjia‌:dfõ Wkajykafiag l=ula‌ isf;kakg we;so@ fï Oïudf,dal ysñhka ta lgql fudfyd; isys l< wkaouh

uu wdfh;a lshkjd udj ysf¾ oeïug uu ld iuÕj;a ;yrla‌ keye lsisu wukdmhla‌ keye ta;a uu ySfklskaj;a ys;mq ke;s úÈyg ;uhs tod fmd,sish udj wrf.k .sfha jdikdjlg jf.a udj wrf.k tk fudfydf;a kdhl yduqÿrejkag, wkqkdhl yduqÿrejkag iy fmdä yduqÿrejrekag l;d lr,d lsh,d tkak ug mq¿jka jqKd

ta;a uf.a wïug l;d lrkak ug neß jqKd udj ysf¾ oeïud lsh,d rEmjdysksfha fmkakqfjd;a uf.a wïud nh fjkjd fkao lsh,d ys;g oekqkd t;a ixidfr§ fld;ekl fyda lrmq mdm l¾uhlg fufyu fjkjd we;s lsh,d nqÿ yduqÿrefjda .ek ys;,d wka;sfï ys; yod .;a;d

ug tod tl fudfyd;lgj;a ;ryla‌ flaka;shla‌ we;s jqfKa keye udj wfõ,dfõ Widúhg f.ksys,a,d Bg mia‌fia t;k meh .dKla‌ ;shdf.k b|,d m%udo jk ks,Odßka tk;=re n,df.k b|,d ta ks,Odßka wdmqjyu udj Widúfha l+vqjg k.a.j,d kS;sm;s fjkqfjka wdmq ks,Odßhd m<uqfjkau fndrejla‌ lshñka lghq;= mgka wrf.k ta;a ta fudkjd l<;a uu ;ryd keye lshk tlhs ug lshkak ;sfhkafka˜‍

Oïudf,dal ysñhka isr.; jQ wjia‌:dfõ l=ula‌ isÿ jkakg we;so@ Wkajykafiag fudk wdldrfha ;;a;ajhlg uqyqK fokakg isÿjQjd úh yelso@ ta ysñhka isr.; jQ ta f;Èkl muK ld,h ;=< ;uka w;aú¢ ;;a;ajh meyeÈ,s lrkakg jQfha fufiah

˜‍udj nkaOkd.dr.; l<dg mia‌fia Widúfhka wrf.k wdfõ je,slv nkaOkd.drhg ta f.kdmq .uka uyr nkaOkd.drhg wrf.k .shd uu b,a,Sula‌ l<d je,slv nkaOkd.drfha udj ;shkak lshmq ;ek ;shkak lshd ta;a by<ska wdmq ksfhda.hla‌ lsh,d ;uhs ta ks,Odßka udj uyrg f.k wdfõ wdmq fudfydf;a b|ka nkaOkd.drfha ish¨‍u ks,Odßka ug b;du f.!rjfhka ta jf.au wdorfhka ie,l=jd

mia‌fia ;uhs ug wdrxÑ jqfKa je,slv ysáfhd;a ñksia‌iq weú;a l,n, lrhs lsh,hs udj uyrg f.kdfõ lsh,d uyr nkaOkd.drhg tk .uk kï álla‌ ÿIalr jqKd uÕf;dg wjysr uÕyerf.k udj uyrg f.akfldg rd;%s kjh muK jqKd uyr nkaOkd.drfha ks,Odßkq;a ug f.dvla‌ f.!rjkSh úÈyg ie,l=jd Tjqka yeu foau fidhd ne¨‍jd uyr nkaOkd.drhg f.kdj wjia‌:dfõu tys ks,Odßka nkaOkd.dr ffjoHjßh f.kajd udj mÍla‍Id lr fi!LH ;;a;ajh ne¨‍jd

Bg miqj tµa 2 lshk f.dvke.s,a,ghs udj /f.k .sfha tys úYd, hlv fodrj,a folla‌ ;snqKd tal ;Ü‌gq fofla f.dvke.s,a,la‌ tys cfka, ;snqfKa keye by<g fjkak úYd, hlv .eiQ yq<x ljq¿ ;snqKd j;=r tl;= lrkak gexlshl=;a tys ;snqKd tal we;=f&lt;a oj,ag fndfydau ria‌fkhs Èklg iSudiys; fj,dj,a lsysmhlg ;uhs j;=r ,enqfKa ta j;=r ;uhs yefudf.u m%fhdackh i|yd gexlshg mqrdjd .kafka

ud iuÕ fjk;a iellrejka 28 fokl= ta f.dvke.s,af,a r|jd isáhd th újD; lr ;snqfKa ojig meh Nd.hl muK ld,hla‌ wfkla‌ fj,djg fodrj,a folu bífnda od,d jykjd isrlrejkag wu;rj tys ;j;a msßila‌ ysáhd ta ul=fKda yefudau ?g ksod .;af;a ì;a;sh fome;af;a ìu fma,s follg

fï msßi w;f¾ ysáhd ;j;a fmdä yduqÿre kula‌ wfka Wkajykafiaf.a jhi wjqreÿ úia‌ihs fydaud.u wêlrKfha isoaêhghs Wkajykafiaj nkaOkd.dr.; lr,d ysáfha ta isr ueÈßfha isá msßi w;r b;d nrm;< jerÈ lrmq wh;a ysáhd yefudau yßu wirK njlska ysáfha ljqrej;a ldgj;a ys; ßfok jpkhla‌j;a lshkafka kye ug;a wks;a mqxÑ yduqÿrejkag;a ta msßi fndfydu f.!rjhla‌ oela‌jQjd

ta wh uf.a bÈßmsg jdä fj,d Tjqkaf.a ÿl lshkak .;a;d uu mq¿jka úÈyg ta is;a iekiqjd iuyre ysf;a ;sfnk wiykhg f,v fj,d uu bkak isr ueÈßfhka t<shg wdmq wjia‌:dj,§ wks;a isr ueÈßj, bkak Tla‌fldu wh fodrj,aj, t,a,s,d n,df.k ysáhd

ysrf.or§ ug Wvqfõ wfma .fï fokafkl=;a uqk .eyqKd tfjf,a uu yskd fj,d Tjqkag lsõjd ˜‍yd oeka kï .fï ldgj;a lshkak neye Wvqfjka ysf¾ .sfha uu ú;rhs˜‍ lsh,d uyr nkaOkd.drfha /|úhka w;r isáh§ tla‌ wjia‌:djl b;d ixfõ§ isoaêhl=;a isÿ jqKd

uu tla‌ fj,djl msßila‌ bÈßfha ;shdf.k rEm lshkafka mGú, wdfmda, f;afcda, jdfhda lsh,d fldgia‌ y;rlska yeÈ,d ;sfhkafka tu ia‌jNdjhu ;uhs úmßkduhg m;a jkafka WodyrKhla‌ lshkjd kï fmdä orefjda <ore mdi,aj,§ mdúÉÑ lrk la‌f,a, tajdhska tl tl úÈfya rEm yokjd ta jf.a ;uhs lsh,d uu Tjqkag lshoa§ tla‌ wfhla‌ uf.a Èyd b;du wysxil úÈyg n,df.k ysáhd uu Tyqf.ka weyqjd Th orejd mqxÑ <uhs mdúÉÑ lrk la‌f,a okakjd fkao lsh,d

tfjf,a Tyq ug lsõjd ˜‍idOq uu bia‌fldaf,a .syska keye lsh,d ug tfjf,a we;s jqfKa ud .eku uyd ixfõ.hla‌ la‌f,a .ek fkdokak Tyqg fkao uu kdu rEm .ek lshd fokak .sfha lsh,d uu ixfõ.hg m;a jqKd

Oïudf,dal ysñfhda ;uka .; l< ta ysrf.or Ôú;fha u;lho tfia wjêlr ug iuq§ hkakg iQodkï jQy ud Wkajykafia bÈßfha fooK kud kïia‌ldr lf&lt;ñ tys§ iqmqreÿ iquOqr yçka iqjm;a fõjdhs lS Wkajykafia h<s;a uyr ysrf.k Wi fldgq mjqr foi yeÍ n,d Wkajykafia le|jdf.k hEug meñK isá ieoeyej;=ka iu. msg;aj hkakg jQy

iuka .uf.a