ðkSjd C%shdoduh msgqmi we;af;a ‘udkj ysñlï’ hk jpkhg uqjd ù Y%S ,xldfõ foaYmd,k, iudc, wd¾Ól C%shdoduh uq¿ukskau fjkia lsÍfï ie,eiaula nj fcHIaG udOHfõ§ fudydka iurkdhl uy;d fmkajd fohs ta uy;d fufia fmkajd ÿkafka fld<U uyck mqia;ld,fha meje;s ‘ì,af,da weú;a’ ixjdoYS,S iïuka;%Kfha úfYaI foaYkh mj;ajñks
tys§ jeäÿrg;a woyia oela jQ ta uy;d fufiao mejiSh
‘ðkSjd C%shdodufha m%ldYs; wruqKq iy ta msgqmi ;sfnk ienE wruqKq ljf¾o@’ hk ud;Dldjg wod<jhs ud Tn yuqfõ idlaIs iy.;j lreKq olajkafka fuh myiq lreKla fkdfjhs ðkSjd C%shdodufha ienE iajrEmh jika lrñka wuQ,sl fndre wdKavqfõ kdhlhka úiska Èkm;du m%ldY lsÍu ksihs tfia th wmyiq lghq;a;la jkafka ta wuQ,sl fndre iudcfha úYd, msßila úYajdi lrk nj;a fmfkkjd
ta ksid ud fláfhka ta wuQ,sl fndre lsysmhla m%:ufhkau Tn yuqfõ ;nkakï ‘ðkSjd C%shdoduh wdrïN jkafka ysgmq ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d 2009 uehs 23 jeksod Y%S ,xldjg meñ‚ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uy f,alï neka lS uQka uy;d iu. w;aika lrkq ,enQ .súiqulska hqo wmrdO ms<sn| fiùug m%;s{d ÿka ksidh’ lshd ckdêm;s, w.ue;s, wêlrK wud;H we;=¿ fiiq wdKavqfõ m%n,hka úiska mjikjd miq.sh w.yrejdod iajdëk rEmjdysksfha oyj,a m%jD;a;s m%ldYh ug wykak ,enqKd tys§ ‘ ´kEu f.dkl=g hqoaO lrkak mq¿jka’ lshmq wud;Hjrhdf.a lákau lshkjd, ‘uyskao rdcmlaI ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhd neka lS uQka iu. wjfndaO;d .súiqula^MOU& w;aika l<d’ lsh,d uu mq¿jka ;rï W;aidy l<d tfyu tlla fidhd .kak tfyu tlla ;ju kï wyq jqfKa keye tfyu tlla fï l;dj lshk wh m%isoaO lr,d;a keye
fï lshk ldrKh iïnkaOfhka we;a; ;;a;ajh l=ulao@ t,aààB kdhl;ajh mrdch lsÍfuka fo;=ka Èklg miqj neka lS uQka Y%S ,xldjg wdjd ta pdßldj wjidkfha§ taldnoaO m%ldYkhla^Joint Statement& ksl=;a l<d wka;¾cd;sl yuqùïj,ska miqj idlÉPd lf<a l=ulao@ lshd fomd¾Yajfha tl.;djfhka taldnoaO m%ldYkhla u.ska ck;djg oekqï fokjd rcfha wud;Hjrhl=g taldnoaO m%ldYhl iy wjfndaO;d .súiqul fjki y÷kd .ekSug fkdyels kï thskau fmfkkjd wms uqyqK md isák ìhlre jHikfha ;ru
taldnoaO m%ldYfha wjika þfofha ;uhs fï ms<sn| ldrKh i|yka fjkafka cd;Hka;r iïuq;Ska m%ldrj udkj ysñlï iq/lSug ;uka ;=< jk wNs,dIh, Y%S ,xldj h<s wjOdrKh l<d wka;¾cd;sl udkqIjd§ kS;sh iy wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï kS;sh W,a,x>kh ùï ms<sn|j j.lsjhq;a;ka ms<sn|j fidhd ne,Sfï C%shdoduh .ek uy f,alïjrhd wjOdrKh l<d Y%S ,xld rch fï ÿla.ekú,s wduka;%Kh lsÍug mshjr .kakjd’ lsh,hs tys i|yka fjkafka fu;ek§ Y%S ,xld rch lshkafka keye ‘wms hdka;%Khla yokjd úu¾Ykh lrkjd’ lsh,d bka wk;=rej miq.sh wdKavqj ‘t,at,awd¾iS fldñiu’ m;a lrkq ,enqjd ‘uelaiafj,a mrK.u’ fldñiu m;a lrkq ,enqjd tajd ;uhs .;a;= mshjr tfyu ke;sj ,sÅ; fmdfrdkaÿjla ÿkafka keye ta tl fndrejla
;j;a úYd, fndrejla ;uhs, ‘ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhdf.a C%shdl,dmh ksid wka;¾cd;sl m%cdj wm iu. wukdm jqKd’ lshk tl miq.shod j;auka ckdêm;sjrhd lshkjd, ‘m%n, rgj, ksfhdað;hka furgg wdjd idu idlÉPd i|yd ta whg weô,smsáhg tkak lsh,d u[af[dlald lkak ÿkakd ta ksid ta wh wukdm jqKd talhs fï jHikh wfma T¿j u; lvd jegqfKa’ lshd hqoaOh wjika fjñka ;sìh§ tjlg ì%;dkH úfoaY wud;H fåúÙ ñ,snEkaÙ iy m%xY úfoaY wud;H n¾kdÙ l=Iak¾ hk fofokd fï rgg wdmq nj we;a; kuq;a wdfõ idu idlÉPd i|yd fkdfjhs Tjqka weú;a l=ulao lSfõ@ ‘t,aààBhg tfrysj igk k;r lrkak ;=kajeks md¾Yajhlg wdhqO Ndr§ hg;a ùug bv fokak’ lsh,d tod wms thg weyqïlka ÿkakd kï t,aààBh wo;a wm iu. igka lrkjd, wo;a m%Ndlrka bkakjd jvudrÉÑ fufyhqu ld,fha rdÔõ .dkaê m%Ndlrka bkaÈhdjg /f.k .shd fy,sfldmagrhlska tys m%;sM,h jqfKa m%Ndlrka Y%S ,xld rchg tfrysj 2009 uehs 19 jeksod jk f;la igka lsÍu ta wkqj b;d meyeÈ,shs tu m%ldYh uq¿ukskau wi;H tlla lshd
‘;=ka jeks fndrej’
fï wh mjik ;j;a fndrejla ;uhs ‘uyskao rdcmlaI md,k iufha§ wka;¾cd;sl m%cdj fnÈ,d ysáhd oeka wms ta whj tl ;ekhlg f.kdjd’ lshk tl l,ska Y%S ,xldjg tfrysj wefußld tlai;a ckmoh we;=¿ rgj,a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkj ysñlï ljqkais,hg fhdackdjla f.k wd úg ta ms<sn|j isÿ l< Pkao úuiSfï§ hï rgj,a ixLHdjla ta fhdackdjg mlaIj Pkaoh ÿkakd ;j;a rgj,a ixLHdjla lreKq fmkajd foñka Bg tfrysj Pkaoh ÿkakd fujr fï wdKavqj isÿ lf<a wmg mlaIj Pkaoh ÿka rgj,a ksyv lrjd wfmka wE;a lsÍu ‘wms wfma leue;af;kau fn,a,g f;dKavqj oud .kakjd kï kqU,dg we;s reodj l=ulao@ lsh,d fï wdKavqj ta rgj,aj,g lSjd Tjqka ta wkqj ksyvj isáhd
miq.shod wjika jQ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkj ysñlï ljqkais,fha 30 jeks ieisjdrh wjidkfha§ mdlsia:dkh iy reishdj wms fjkqfjka l;d l<d kuq;a tys§ wfma wdKavqj lsis÷ úÈylska wfma rdcHh fjkqfjka l;d lf<a keye tod reishdj iy mdlsia:dkh lSjd ‘Y%S ,xldjg wka;¾cd;sl m%cdj Woõ lrkjd kï ta ljrdldrfhkao lshd ;SrKh lsÍfï whs;sh Tjqkag ;sìh hq;=hs’ lshd kuq;a Y%S ,xldj ksfhdackh l< fï wdKavqfõ ksfhdað;hka tal lSfõ keye tfia fkdlSfï m%;sM,h f,i l=ulao jqfKa@ cmdkh t;ek§u mejiqjd, ‘wms Y%S ,xldjg tjkjd hqo wmrdO ms<sn| úu¾Ykh lsÍfï úfYaI{fhla’ lsh,d Tyq ;uhs ldïfndac úfYaI wêlrKfha ksfhdað;hl= f,i lghq;= lf<a
j;auka wdKavqfõ weu;sjreka mqkmqkd mjik ;j;a fndrejla ;uhs, ‘wefußldkq fhdackdjg iuwkq.%dyl;ajh oelaùu ksid wms f,dalh Èkd .;a;d uyskao rdcmlaI ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhd, f.daGdNh rdcmlaI ysgmq wdrlaIl f,alïjrhd we;=¿ msßia úÿ,s mqgqjg f.k hk tl ta ksid je<l=Kd’ lshk tl fï ‘úÿ,s mqgq l;dj’ we;a;gu yß úys¿jla ‘úÿ,s mqgq l;dj’ fhdod .;af;a fï C%shdodufha wjika m%;sM,h Nhdkl nj fmkaùug kï th f;areï.; yelshs tfia fkdue;sj tu l;djg lsisu mokula keye wêlrKfha§ Èh yels ovqju isr ovqjula muKhs, urK ovqjula fkdfjhs tu ovqjï kshu lsÍu i|yd ;sfnk wdh;kh wka;¾cd;sl wmrdO wêlrKhhs^ICC& tys uQ,ia:dkh ;sfnkafka fko¾,ka;fha fya.a k.rfhahs tu wêrlKhg jHjia:djla ;sfnkjd th y÷kajkafka, ‘wka;¾cd;sl wmrdO wêlrKfha frdau jHjia:dj’ kñka tu jHjia:dfõu i|yka fjkjd ‘jerÈlrejkag urK ovqju kshu lrkafka keye’ lshd ta wkqj b;d meyeÈ,shs fïl ck;dj uq,d lrkak lshk ;j;a tl fndrejla muKhs lsh,d
miq.sh Èkhl Y%S ,xld úfoaY wud;Hjrhd mjid ;snqKd ðkSjd fhdackdjg iuwkq.%dyl;ajh oelaùu ksid fya.a wêlrKhg Y%S ,xld foaYmd,k iy ñ,sgß kdhlhka /f.k hdu je<l=Kd’ lsh,d fuys we;a; ;;a;ajh ud meyeÈ,s lr fokakï wka;¾cd;sl wmrdO wêlrKh C%shd;aul jkafka 2002 cQks udifha isg ta wêlrKfha úIh m:h jkafka hqo wmrdO, ukqIH j¾.hdg tfrys wmrdO jeks nrm;< wmrdO C%shd ms<sn|j kvq úNd. fldg ovqjï lsÍu ta ovqjï lsÍu i|yd wka;¾cd;sl wmrdO wêlrKfha frdau jHjia:dj wkqj C%u ;=kla ;sfhkjd m<uq C%uh pQÈ;hd frdau jHjia:djg w;aika l< rgl mqrjeishl= ùu ta wkqj wfma rfÜ mqrjeishl=g ovqjï lrkak neye wm frdau jHjia:djg w;aika ;enQ rgla fkdfjhs fojeks C%uh wod< wmrdOh isÿ jQfha frdau jHjia:djg w;aika l< rgl N+ñ m%foaYh we;=<; kï kvq mejÍu tal;a wfma rgg wod< keye ;=kajeks C%uh, frdau jHjia:djg w;aika l< rgla Wla; wmrdOh ms<sn|j tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdrlaIl uKav,hg fhdackdjla bÈßm;a lsÍu wkak wmg wod< jk ;ek fï fouqyqka mÍlaIKfhka miqj wfma rfÜ t,aààBh mrdch lsÍug lghq;= l< foaYmd,k iy ñ,sgßuh kdhl;ajh fya.a wêlrKhg /f.k hd hq;= hehs tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdrlaIl uKav,hg fhdackdjla /f.k wdfjd;a th tys ks;H idudðlhka 05 fokd we;=¿ idudðlhka 09 fokl=f.a Pkaofhka iïu; fjkak ´fk ks;H idudðlhka 05 fokd w;r bkakjd Ökh iy reishdj fï olajd tjeks fhdackdjla wdjd kï reishdj iy Ökh wmg mlaIj ;uhs lghq;= lf<a oeka Y%S ,xldj ish;skau fï fhdackdj ms<s.ekSu ksid fï ms<sn|j tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdrlaIl uKav,hg /f.k tk fhdackdjg úreoaO ùug reishdjg iy Ökhg ;sfnk whs;sh wjika ù ;sfnkjd Y%S ,xld wdKavqj ;ukaf.a w;skau fn,a,g f;dKavqj od .kak fldg tal je<elaùug reishdjg iy Ökhg ;sfnk reodj l=ulao@ fï úÈyg ;uhs oeka wmj fya.a wêlrKhg /f.k hdug mdr lemS we;af;a ta ú;rla fkdfjhs tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkj ysñlï flduidßia yqfiaka l=udrhdf.a jd¾;dfjka ks¾foaY fldg ;sfnkjd ‘ Y%S ,xldj frdau jHjia:djg w;aika ;eìh hq;=hs’ lsh,d tfia w;aika ;enqjfyd;a fya.a wêlrKhg /f.k hdug ;snQ iq¿ ndOdj mjd ke;sj hkjd idudkH ck;djg fï i;H lreKq jgyd .ekSug wmyiqhs, fï ms<sn| bjish fkdyels ‘fndre lkaordjla’ fï wdKavqfõ foaYmd,k{hka úiska m%ldY lsÍu ksid
‘ðkSjd C%shdodufha m%ldYs; wruqKq’
ud oeka uf.a foaYkfha m%Odk fldgig msúfikakï ðkSjd C%shdodufha m%ldYs; wruqKq iy th msgqmi jk ienE wruqKq l=ulao@ lshk tlg fï jHdmD;sfha m%ldYs; wruqK ;uhs, Tjqka lshk úÈyg ‘Y%S ,xldfõ wdrlaIl yuqod t,aààBh iu. igka l< iufha§ wka;¾cd;sl udkqIjd§ kS;sh iy wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï kS;sh nrm;< úÈyg W,a,x>kh l<d ta ms<sn|j fidhd n,d Bg j.lsh hq;= whg ovqjï l< hq;=hs ukao Y%S ,xldj fï wka;¾cd;sl udkqIjd§ kS;shg iy wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï kS;sj,g w;aika ;nd md¾Yajlrejl= ù we;s ksid’ wka;¾cd;sl udkqIjd§ kS;sh lsh,d y÷kajkafka 1949§ iïu; jqKq ðkSjd iïuq;s 04ghs ta iïuq;s y;frka l:d lrkafka hqoaOfha§ hqo jÈk md¾Yaj wkq.ukh l< hq;= kS;sÍ;s iy fldkafoais udkj ysñlï kS;sfhka woyia jkafka foaYmd,k, iudc, wd¾Ól whs;sjdislï we;=<;a wka;¾cd;sl iïuq;s .Kkdjla
m%ldYsl wruqK wkqj Èiajkafka fï fhdackdj f.k tk rdcHhka udkj ysñlïj,g .re lrk, ukqIHhdg wiSñ; fma%uhlska C%shd lrk, je/oaola ÿgqfjd;a jydu lsfmk, ta je/oaog ovqjï fkdÿkafkd;a kskao fkdhk rdcHhka úÈyghs fï l;dj we;a;lao@ fï fhdackdj f.k tkakka ljqo@ m<uqjekakd wefußld tlai;a ckmoh ì%;dkHh we;=¿ hqfrdamd ix.ufha kdhl rgj,ao ta iu. bkakjd fï whf.a b;sydih foi yeÍ neÆfjd;a th iïmQ¾Kfhkau f,a jel=Kq b;sydihla nj fmfkaú ì%;dkHh ;uhs ñksia b;sydifha jeäu ñksiqka ixLHdjla >d;kh l< rg wefußld tlai;a ckmoh ;uhs ñksia b;sydifha jeäu rgj,a .Kkdjlg fndaïn oeuQ, myr ÿka rdcHh ta wdC%uK ksid ñh.sh ixLHdj oY,laI .Kkla wefußldj wêrdcHjd§ n,fõ.hla úÈyg bÈßhg tkafka 1898 iamd[a[ - wefußld hqoaOfhka ta hqoaOfha§ Tjqka ms,smSkh hg;alr .;a;d Bg úreoaOj ms,smSkfha ‘fudfrdaÊ’ lshk ckj¾.h igka jeÿKd tl wjia:djl ms,smSk fudfrdaÊ cd;slhka 800la tl j,l ou,d wefußld yuqod úiska >d;kh l<d fï ms<sn| ,sÅ; idlaIs ;sfnkjd
fojeks f,dal hqoaOh wjika fjñka ;sìh§ lsis÷ fya;=jla fkdue;sj tjlg wefußld tlai;a ckmo ckdêm;s gDDuka ksfhda. l<d, cmdkfha kd.idls iy ysfrdaIsud hk k.rj,g kHIaál fndaïnj,ska myr fokak tlai;a cd;Skaf.a jd¾;d wkqj fndaïn ksid m<uq meh we;=<; fo,laI mkiaoyi;a ;=ka,laIh;a w;r msßila ñh.shd 1991§ brdlh tfrysj isÿ l< m<uq .,a*a hqoaOfha§ wefußld tlai;a ckmo yuqod úiska miqnisk brdl fin¿ka fo,laIhla urd oeïud fuh uq¿ukskau ðkSjd iïuq;Ska W,a,x>kh lsÍula fï brdlhg tfrys fufyhqug wKÿkakq wefußldkq yuqod m%Odkshd ckrd,a fkdauka iajdiaflda Tyq tla;rd rEmjdysks ixjdohl§ mejiqjd, ‘wms brdlh .,a hq.hg ;,aÆ l<d’ lsh,d wkak lrmq úkdYh tys§ Tyq miqnisk ,o brdl finÆka .ek fufia lshkjd ‘Tjqka myiqfjka ;=jlal=jg ì,slr .kak mq¿jka jqKd’ fï wh fïjd udkj ysñlï fma%ufhka isÿ lrkjd hehs ms<s.; yelso@ 2003§ brdlh hg;alr .ekSfuka wk;=rej 2006 jk úg muKla brdl ck;dj yh,laIhla >d;kh ù ;snqKd Tng fï ixLHdf,aLk ms<sn|j .eg¿jla ;sfhkjd kï uQ,dY% mjd i|yka lrkak mq¿jka MIT lshk wefußldkq lS¾;su;a úYaj úid,fha fjíwvúfha fï ixLHdf,aLk ;sfnkjd fuh udkj ysñlï fma%ufhka isÿ lrk fohla fkdfjhs
‘brdkh .,a hq.hg ;,aÆ l<d’ hehs jyisnia fovQ wefußldj t;ekska k;r jqfKa keye wdrlaIl uKav,hg fhdackdjla f.kú;a brdlhg mßmQ¾K iïndOl mekjQjd ta mßmQ¾K iïndOl mekùu ksid brdlh ld,lkaks ;eklg jegqKd f;,a úl=Kd.kak neß jqKd ukaofmdaIKh me;sreKd uõjreka kSrla;sfhka fm¿Kd ñksiqka nv.skafka ÿIafmdaIKfhka uefrkak mgka .;a;d hqksfima jd¾;d wkqj jirlg 90,000la muK fï uyd >d;k .ek f,dalfha úYd, l;dnyla we;s jqKd tys fldgila úÈyg wefußldkq rdcH f,alïjßh jQ ueÙ,ska ´,an%hsÜ iu. 1996§ wefußldkq laBS rEmjdyskS fiajh iïuqL idlÉPdjla meje;ajQjd tu rEmjdyskS ixjdoh meje;ajQfha f,ia,s iagd,a lsh,d uyf;la tys§ f,ia,s iagd,a wykjd ‘mßmQ¾K iïndOl mekùu ksid fï olajd mka,laIhla ñhf.dia ;sfnkjd thska yß wvla <uhska fïl f.úh hq;= ñ,lao@’ lsh,d tys§ uola ksyvj b|,d ´,an%hsÜ ue;sksh lshkjd ‘tal ÿIalr ;SrKhla ta;a tal lrkak ják jevla’ lsh,d brdlfha <uhska we;=¿ mka,laIhla ñhhdu, f.úh hq;= ñ,la lsh,d i,lk cd;shla, tlg iyfhda.h fok ì%;dkHh, lekvdj yd hqfrdamd ix.ufha rgj,a udkj ysñlï ms<sn| fma%ufhka o fïl lrkafka uy;ajreks fï jxpkslNdjh meyeÈ,s lsÍug ksoiqka ish .Kkska olajkak mq¿jka
uu ;j;a tla ksoiqkla muKla bÈßm;a lrkakï wm%sldfõ ueo fldgfia ;sfhkjd l=vd rdcHhla rejkavdj lsh,d ta rfÜ;a wfma rfÜ jf.a .egqula ;snqKd 1994 wfma%,a udifha§ ta rfÜ ckdêm;sjrhdj >d;kh l<d bkamiqj úYd, ukqIH >d;khla isÿ jqKd th fld;rï ìhlre o lshkjd kï udi 05l§ ,laI 08la >d;kh l<d Th uy;ajre n,,d we;s ‘fydfÜ,a rejkavd’ lshk Ñ;%mgh taflka lshefjkafka fï ìhlre l;dj ta úYd, ukqIH >d;kh msgqmi ysáfha rejkavd foaYfm%aó fmruqK kï jQ t,aààBh n÷ ixúOdkhla tys kdhlhd jQfha fmda,a l.fï Tyq fï uyd >d;kfhka miqj rejkavdfõ ckdêm;s Oqrhg m;a jqKd Tyq wefußldfõ ñ;%fhla ngysr kj ,snr,a f.da,ShlrK udÈ,sh ms<s.kakd ;eke;af;la ta ksid Tyqg úreoaOj wefußldj fyda tlai;a cd;Ska fyda lsisjla lf<a keye ta ú;rla fkdfjhs 2005§ iamd[a[fha ueÙßÙ k.rfha meje;ajqKq ‘tlai;a cd;Skaf.a iyi%l ixj¾Ok wNsu;d¾:’ kï jevigyfka m%.;sh iudf,dapkh lsÍfï /qiaùfï iNdm;s úÈyg f;dard .;af;a fmda,a l.fï b;du ixlaIsma;j i|yka lrkjd kï, fï ðkSjd C%shdoduh msgqmi ;sfnkafka udkj ysñlï ms<sn| fma%uhla fkdfjhs
fï ls%hdoduh msgqmi udkj ysñlïj,g jvd ;sfnkjd, Y%S ,xldj we;=f<a ;sfnk foaYdmd,k, wd¾Ól, iudc, ñ,sgß, wêlrK, md¾,sfïka;=, ue;sjrK C%shdoduh uq¿ukskau fjkia lsÍfï Wjukdjla tjeks fhdackd lrkak tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkhg whs;shla keye yqfiaka l=udrhdg whs;shla keye tlai;a cd;Ska mokï fjkafka tys m%{ma;sh u; m%{ma;sfha fojeks j.ka;sfhys meyeÈ,sj i|yka fjkjd, tlai;a cd;Ska C%shd;aul úh hq;= uQ,O¾u 07la ms<sn|j tys m<uqjekak ;uhs ‘cd;Skaf.a iaffjÍ iudkd;au;djh’ Y%S ,xldj fjka lr,d wrka ovqjï lrkak neye y;ajeks uQ,O¾ufhys ;sfnkjd, ‘rgl w;HjYHfhkau wNHka;r hehs ie,lsh yels lreKq iïnkaOfhka ueÈy;a úh fkdyel’ lsh,d wfma rfÜ bvï whs;sh iy mßyrKh .ek tlai;a cd;Skag fyda udkj ysñlï ljqkais,hg ks¾foaY bÈßm;a lrkak neye tfyu kï fï msgqmi ;sfnkafka fjk;a jHdmD;shla uf.a lshùu wkqj ta jHdmD;sh ;uhs, kj ,snr,a f.da,ShlrK wd¾Ól fudv,h fï rfÜ me,mÈhï lsÍfï Wjukdj
ngysr rgj,a uE; hq.fha§ wêrdcH f.dvke.=jd ta wêrdcH f.dvke.Sfuka fld,a,lk ,o Okfhka ;uhs Tjqka wo b;d by< Ôjk ;;a;ajhla ysñlr f.k isákafka kuq;a miq.sh ishjfia we;s jQ fjkialï ksid ta mer‚ wêrdcH C%uh ì| jegqKd iudcjdoh lsh,d tlla wdjd ukqIH ixy;sfha wjdikdjg 90 oYlfha§ iudcjdoh ì| jefgkjd fidaúhÜ foaYh ì| jefgkjd bkamiqj wefußld tlai;a ckmoh we;=¿ ngysr rgj,a wr l,ska meje;s ;;a;ajfhkau f,dalh md,kh lsÍfï ie,eiaula ilia lr,d th mshjfrka mshjr C%shdjg k.kjd tal ;uhs wo foaYmd,k úoHdfõ§ ‘kj ,snr,a f.da,ShlrKh’ fyj;a kj wêrdcHjdoh lshd y÷kajkafka
fï kj wêrdcHjdofha iajNdjh meyeÈ,s lsÍu i|yd uu wefußldkq nqoaê uKav,fha idudðlhl= l< m%ldYhla Wmqgd olajkakï Tyqf.a ku uhsl,a kdfÜÊ Tyq ydjÙ úYaj úoHd,fha flkä wdKavqC%u mdif,a udkj ysñlï ms<sn| m%;sm;a;s wOHhk wxYfha uydpd¾hjrfhla Tyq mjikjd ‘wefußld wêrdcHh mer‚ wêrdcH jf.a fkdfjhs thg hg;aúð; keye 21 jeks ishjfia wêrdcHjdoh foaYmd,k úoHdfõ wÆ;a fidhd .ekSula tys iajNdjh ;uhs, ieye,aÆ wêrdcHhla mej;Su fï wêrdcHfha f;aud mdG fudkjdo@ udkj ysñlï, ksoyia fj<|fmd<, m%cd;ka;%jdoh^fu;ek ke;s tlla wms we;=<;a lruq ‘hymd,kh’ lsh,d& f,dalfha fuf;la oel we;s ìhlreu hqo hdka;%Kh u.ska ;uhs tal C%shd;aul lrkafka th kHdh wkqj udkqIjdÈhs, m%fhda.slj wêrdcHjdÈhs th mrdëk iajdêm;Hh ks¾udKh lrkjd kHdh wkqj wfkla rgj,g ksoyi ;sfnkjd kuq;a we;a; jYfhkau ksoyi keye wefußlka yuqod fnda,alka m%foaYfha, we*a.ksia:dkfha, brdlfha bkafka wehs@ wefußldjg foaYmd,k, wd¾Ól jYfhka jeo.;a jk N+ñ l,dm md,kh lsÍu i|yd’ lsh,d tal ;uhs fï jHdmD;sh
wms wefußldkq ckdêm;s ne/la Tndud 2015 uehs 08 jeksod isÿ l< fujeks m%ldYhla i,ld n,uq th;a fjÙwäúj,ska n,kak mq¿jka Tyq fuu m%ldYh isÿ lrkafka iqm%isoaO ‘khsla’ iud.fï W;aijhl§ foaYkhla mj;ajñka j;auka wefußldkq ckdêm;sjrhd lshkjd, ‘wfma wd¾Ólh f.da,Sh jYfhka Yla;su;aj ;sfnk w;r f,dal wd¾Ólfha kS;s wms ;uhs ,shkafka, lshk tl iy;slr .kak ´fk wms ,shqfõ ke;s kï Ökh th lrdú’ lsh,d wms ia;+;sjka; fjkak ´fk ta wefußlka kdhlhkag Tjqka fï úÈyg we;a; lshkjdg
fï jif¾ fjila ojiaj, wefußldkq rdcH f,alï fcdaka flÍ Y%S ,xldjg wdjd ta ms<sn|j bx.%Sis mqj;am;lg ,smshla ,shñka Y%S ,xldfõ m%Odk fmf,a rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhl m%Odkshd lshkjd ‘fcdaka flÍf.a ixpdrh, ug nqÿkajykafia Y%S ,xldjg jevu lrùu isys .kajkjd’ lsh,d kuq;a n,kak fcdaka flÍ fuys meñK m%ldY l< foh ’Tnf.a rg msysgd ;sfnkafka ykaÈhl ta ykaÈfhka iïnkaO jkafka wm%sldj, ol=Kq wishdj yd ke.fkysr wdishdj’ lsh,hs fcdka flÍ lsõfõ oeka f,dalfha jeäu wd¾Ól j¾Okh ;sfnkafka fï N+ñ l,dmfha ta jf.au fcdaka flÍ fuys§ mejiqjd ‘bkaÈhka id.rh ;uhs f,dalfha jeo.;au jd‚c .uka ud¾.h Y%S ,xldfõ N+f.da,Sh msysàu wkqj kQ;k iÔú .;sl bkaÿ - Ydka;slr l,dmhl kdNsh fjkak Tng mq¿jjka’ lsh,d ta jf.au fcdaka flÍ lSjd, ‘ta ld¾h i|yd wm Tng Woõ lrkakï’ lsh,d fï ;uhs ðkSjd C%shdoduh msgqmi ;sfnk we;a; l;dj
uyskao rdcmlaI ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhd tlai;a ckmofha, hqfrdamd ix.ufha yd bkaÈhdfõ ´kE tmdlï wkqj C%shd l<d kï fï ðkSjd fhdackdj tkafka keye tfyu kï Tyqg;a fmda,a l.fïg jf.a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a úu¾Yk uKav,hl iNdm;s fjkak ;snqKd wka;¾cd;sl hqo wmrdO wêlrKhg f.k hdfuka we;a;gu ñfokak ;snqKd fukak wms rgla úÈyg uqyqK § ;sfnk wNsfhda.h
uu olsk úÈyg ðkSjd C%shdoduh fldaÜfÜ rcq mD;=.SiSkag fld<U fldgqjla yokak ÿkakdg iudkhs bkamiqj isxy, rcq mD;=.SiSka m,jd yeÍug ,kafoaiSka f.kajd .;a;dg iudkhs bkamiqj 1815§ Wvrg .súiqu w;aika l<dg iudkhs 1987§ bkaÿ - ,xld .súiqu w;aika l<dg iudkhs 2002 fmnrjdß udifha§ tjlg meje;s tlai;a cd;sl fmruqKq wdKavqj t,aààBh iu. w;aika l< igka úrdu .súiqug iudkhs ksoyia, ksjy,a cd;shla f,i mej;Sug kï fï Wjÿfrka wms rgla f,i ñÈh hq;=hs wmg .e,fmk jdia;úl wd¾Ól, iudc udÈ,shla wkq.ukh lrkakg kï, cd;Ska w;r ixys¢hdj we;s lrkakg kï wms fï Wjÿfrka ñÈh hq;=hs
fï Bkshd wka;¾cd;sl m%cdj ueÈy;a jqKq iEu rglau wo uqyqK md isákafka ìhlre fÄojdplhlg we,aÔßhdfõ ysgmq kdhl yqjdß nquähka fufia mjid ;snqKd ‘fï wd¾Ól rgdj fjkia fkdjqfKd;a hï ojil wfma rgj, isg oY,laI ixLHd; ckhd hqfrdamhg ixC%uKh ùu j<lajkak neye’ lsh,d Tyq wkdjels lshk fcda;sI{hl= fkdfjhs kuq;a foaYmd,kh yd wd¾Ólh yßhg lshjkak oekf.k isá rdcH kdhlfhla Tyq lshmq foa wo i;Hhla wo wm yuqfõ ;sfnk m%Yakh ‘wms t;ekg hkjdo@ Èkd.;a ksjy,aNdjh /lf.k wmg iqÿiq wNsu; wd¾Ól udÈ,shla Tiafia w§k cd;shla jYfhka f,dalh iu. tlai;aj, iu.sfhka bÈßhg hkjdo@’ lshk tlhs
fï wNsfhda.h ch.ekSu myiq keye jeä msßi bkafka wfkla msf,a miq.sh uy ue;sjrKfha§ uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d w.ue;s fõ hehs wfmalaIdfjka tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkhg Pkaoh ÿka ck;djf.a Pkaofhka uka;%S Oqrhla ,nd.;a;= úYd, msßila wfkla ms,g m,d .shd Tjqka .ek mqÿu fjkak ´fk keye fyg Èkfha§ ‘foaYiSud fkdue;s fou< B<dï rdcHfha isysk w.ue;sjrhd’ reøl=udrka fï rfÜ w.ue;s jqj;a Tjqka t;ekg hkjd bka miafia Tjqka lshkjd, ‘fïl ;uhs wms ld,hla ;siafia n,d ysgmq wdKavqj oeka tal wdjd’ lsh,d ta ksihs fï wNsfhda.h nrm;< fjkafka
fï ms<sn|j ck;dj wjÈ l< hq;=hs oekqïj;a l< hq;=hs kuq;a wfma rfÜ udOHj,ska fïlg .; yels iydh w,amhs isxy, udOHj,g fï C%shdoduh ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ;sfnkjdo@ lshd ug ielhs wjfndaOhla ;snqK;a Tjqka l:d lrkafka keye bx.%Sis mqj;am;a fï ms<sn|j okakjd kuq;a ,xldfõ tla bx.%Sis mqj;am;la yer wfkla ishÆ bx.%Sis mqj;am;a fmkS isákafka fï wefußldkq jHdmD;sh fjkqfjka, fï wdKavqj fjkqfjka ta ksid fï nrm;< wNsfhda.h ch.ekSu i|yd ck;dj oekqïj;a lsÍu i|yd wms fï wdldrhg fkdlvjd lghq;= lruq’’
igyk (- wkqreoaO nKavdr rKjdrK
tys§ jeäÿrg;a woyia oela jQ ta uy;d fufiao mejiSh
‘ðkSjd C%shdodufha m%ldYs; wruqKq iy ta msgqmi ;sfnk ienE wruqKq ljf¾o@’ hk ud;Dldjg wod<jhs ud Tn yuqfõ idlaIs iy.;j lreKq olajkafka fuh myiq lreKla fkdfjhs ðkSjd C%shdodufha ienE iajrEmh jika lrñka wuQ,sl fndre wdKavqfõ kdhlhka úiska Èkm;du m%ldY lsÍu ksihs tfia th wmyiq lghq;a;la jkafka ta wuQ,sl fndre iudcfha úYd, msßila úYajdi lrk nj;a fmfkkjd
ta ksid ud fláfhka ta wuQ,sl fndre lsysmhla m%:ufhkau Tn yuqfõ ;nkakï ‘ðkSjd C%shdoduh wdrïN jkafka ysgmq ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d 2009 uehs 23 jeksod Y%S ,xldjg meñ‚ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uy f,alï neka lS uQka uy;d iu. w;aika lrkq ,enQ .súiqulska hqo wmrdO ms<sn| fiùug m%;s{d ÿka ksidh’ lshd ckdêm;s, w.ue;s, wêlrK wud;H we;=¿ fiiq wdKavqfõ m%n,hka úiska mjikjd miq.sh w.yrejdod iajdëk rEmjdysksfha oyj,a m%jD;a;s m%ldYh ug wykak ,enqKd tys§ ‘ ´kEu f.dkl=g hqoaO lrkak mq¿jka’ lshmq wud;Hjrhdf.a lákau lshkjd, ‘uyskao rdcmlaI ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhd neka lS uQka iu. wjfndaO;d .súiqula^MOU& w;aika l<d’ lsh,d uu mq¿jka ;rï W;aidy l<d tfyu tlla fidhd .kak tfyu tlla ;ju kï wyq jqfKa keye tfyu tlla fï l;dj lshk wh m%isoaO lr,d;a keye
fï lshk ldrKh iïnkaOfhka we;a; ;;a;ajh l=ulao@ t,aààB kdhl;ajh mrdch lsÍfuka fo;=ka Èklg miqj neka lS uQka Y%S ,xldjg wdjd ta pdßldj wjidkfha§ taldnoaO m%ldYkhla^Joint Statement& ksl=;a l<d wka;¾cd;sl yuqùïj,ska miqj idlÉPd lf<a l=ulao@ lshd fomd¾Yajfha tl.;djfhka taldnoaO m%ldYkhla u.ska ck;djg oekqï fokjd rcfha wud;Hjrhl=g taldnoaO m%ldYhl iy wjfndaO;d .súiqul fjki y÷kd .ekSug fkdyels kï thskau fmfkkjd wms uqyqK md isák ìhlre jHikfha ;ru
taldnoaO m%ldYfha wjika þfofha ;uhs fï ms<sn| ldrKh i|yka fjkafka cd;Hka;r iïuq;Ska m%ldrj udkj ysñlï iq/lSug ;uka ;=< jk wNs,dIh, Y%S ,xldj h<s wjOdrKh l<d wka;¾cd;sl udkqIjd§ kS;sh iy wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï kS;sh W,a,x>kh ùï ms<sn|j j.lsjhq;a;ka ms<sn|j fidhd ne,Sfï C%shdoduh .ek uy f,alïjrhd wjOdrKh l<d Y%S ,xld rch fï ÿla.ekú,s wduka;%Kh lsÍug mshjr .kakjd’ lsh,hs tys i|yka fjkafka fu;ek§ Y%S ,xld rch lshkafka keye ‘wms hdka;%Khla yokjd úu¾Ykh lrkjd’ lsh,d bka wk;=rej miq.sh wdKavqj ‘t,at,awd¾iS fldñiu’ m;a lrkq ,enqjd ‘uelaiafj,a mrK.u’ fldñiu m;a lrkq ,enqjd tajd ;uhs .;a;= mshjr tfyu ke;sj ,sÅ; fmdfrdkaÿjla ÿkafka keye ta tl fndrejla
;j;a úYd, fndrejla ;uhs, ‘ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhdf.a C%shdl,dmh ksid wka;¾cd;sl m%cdj wm iu. wukdm jqKd’ lshk tl miq.shod j;auka ckdêm;sjrhd lshkjd, ‘m%n, rgj, ksfhdað;hka furgg wdjd idu idlÉPd i|yd ta whg weô,smsáhg tkak lsh,d u[af[dlald lkak ÿkakd ta ksid ta wh wukdm jqKd talhs fï jHikh wfma T¿j u; lvd jegqfKa’ lshd hqoaOh wjika fjñka ;sìh§ tjlg ì%;dkH úfoaY wud;H fåúÙ ñ,snEkaÙ iy m%xY úfoaY wud;H n¾kdÙ l=Iak¾ hk fofokd fï rgg wdmq nj we;a; kuq;a wdfõ idu idlÉPd i|yd fkdfjhs Tjqka weú;a l=ulao lSfõ@ ‘t,aààBhg tfrysj igk k;r lrkak ;=kajeks md¾Yajhlg wdhqO Ndr§ hg;a ùug bv fokak’ lsh,d tod wms thg weyqïlka ÿkakd kï t,aààBh wo;a wm iu. igka lrkjd, wo;a m%Ndlrka bkakjd jvudrÉÑ fufyhqu ld,fha rdÔõ .dkaê m%Ndlrka bkaÈhdjg /f.k .shd fy,sfldmagrhlska tys m%;sM,h jqfKa m%Ndlrka Y%S ,xld rchg tfrysj 2009 uehs 19 jeksod jk f;la igka lsÍu ta wkqj b;d meyeÈ,shs tu m%ldYh uq¿ukskau wi;H tlla lshd
‘;=ka jeks fndrej’
fï wh mjik ;j;a fndrejla ;uhs ‘uyskao rdcmlaI md,k iufha§ wka;¾cd;sl m%cdj fnÈ,d ysáhd oeka wms ta whj tl ;ekhlg f.kdjd’ lshk tl l,ska Y%S ,xldjg tfrysj wefußld tlai;a ckmoh we;=¿ rgj,a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkj ysñlï ljqkais,hg fhdackdjla f.k wd úg ta ms<sn|j isÿ l< Pkao úuiSfï§ hï rgj,a ixLHdjla ta fhdackdjg mlaIj Pkaoh ÿkakd ;j;a rgj,a ixLHdjla lreKq fmkajd foñka Bg tfrysj Pkaoh ÿkakd fujr fï wdKavqj isÿ lf<a wmg mlaIj Pkaoh ÿka rgj,a ksyv lrjd wfmka wE;a lsÍu ‘wms wfma leue;af;kau fn,a,g f;dKavqj oud .kakjd kï kqU,dg we;s reodj l=ulao@ lsh,d fï wdKavqj ta rgj,aj,g lSjd Tjqka ta wkqj ksyvj isáhd
miq.shod wjika jQ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkj ysñlï ljqkais,fha 30 jeks ieisjdrh wjidkfha§ mdlsia:dkh iy reishdj wms fjkqfjka l;d l<d kuq;a tys§ wfma wdKavqj lsis÷ úÈylska wfma rdcHh fjkqfjka l;d lf<a keye tod reishdj iy mdlsia:dkh lSjd ‘Y%S ,xldjg wka;¾cd;sl m%cdj Woõ lrkjd kï ta ljrdldrfhkao lshd ;SrKh lsÍfï whs;sh Tjqkag ;sìh hq;=hs’ lshd kuq;a Y%S ,xldj ksfhdackh l< fï wdKavqfõ ksfhdað;hka tal lSfõ keye tfia fkdlSfï m%;sM,h f,i l=ulao jqfKa@ cmdkh t;ek§u mejiqjd, ‘wms Y%S ,xldjg tjkjd hqo wmrdO ms<sn| úu¾Ykh lsÍfï úfYaI{fhla’ lsh,d Tyq ;uhs ldïfndac úfYaI wêlrKfha ksfhdað;hl= f,i lghq;= lf<a
j;auka wdKavqfõ weu;sjreka mqkmqkd mjik ;j;a fndrejla ;uhs, ‘wefußldkq fhdackdjg iuwkq.%dyl;ajh oelaùu ksid wms f,dalh Èkd .;a;d uyskao rdcmlaI ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhd, f.daGdNh rdcmlaI ysgmq wdrlaIl f,alïjrhd we;=¿ msßia úÿ,s mqgqjg f.k hk tl ta ksid je<l=Kd’ lshk tl fï ‘úÿ,s mqgq l;dj’ we;a;gu yß úys¿jla ‘úÿ,s mqgq l;dj’ fhdod .;af;a fï C%shdodufha wjika m%;sM,h Nhdkl nj fmkaùug kï th f;areï.; yelshs tfia fkdue;sj tu l;djg lsisu mokula keye wêlrKfha§ Èh yels ovqju isr ovqjula muKhs, urK ovqjula fkdfjhs tu ovqjï kshu lsÍu i|yd ;sfnk wdh;kh wka;¾cd;sl wmrdO wêlrKhhs^ICC& tys uQ,ia:dkh ;sfnkafka fko¾,ka;fha fya.a k.rfhahs tu wêrlKhg jHjia:djla ;sfnkjd th y÷kajkafka, ‘wka;¾cd;sl wmrdO wêlrKfha frdau jHjia:dj’ kñka tu jHjia:dfõu i|yka fjkjd ‘jerÈlrejkag urK ovqju kshu lrkafka keye’ lshd ta wkqj b;d meyeÈ,shs fïl ck;dj uq,d lrkak lshk ;j;a tl fndrejla muKhs lsh,d
miq.sh Èkhl Y%S ,xld úfoaY wud;Hjrhd mjid ;snqKd ðkSjd fhdackdjg iuwkq.%dyl;ajh oelaùu ksid fya.a wêlrKhg Y%S ,xld foaYmd,k iy ñ,sgß kdhlhka /f.k hdu je<l=Kd’ lsh,d fuys we;a; ;;a;ajh ud meyeÈ,s lr fokakï wka;¾cd;sl wmrdO wêlrKh C%shd;aul jkafka 2002 cQks udifha isg ta wêlrKfha úIh m:h jkafka hqo wmrdO, ukqIH j¾.hdg tfrys wmrdO jeks nrm;< wmrdO C%shd ms<sn|j kvq úNd. fldg ovqjï lsÍu ta ovqjï lsÍu i|yd wka;¾cd;sl wmrdO wêlrKfha frdau jHjia:dj wkqj C%u ;=kla ;sfhkjd m<uq C%uh pQÈ;hd frdau jHjia:djg w;aika l< rgl mqrjeishl= ùu ta wkqj wfma rfÜ mqrjeishl=g ovqjï lrkak neye wm frdau jHjia:djg w;aika ;enQ rgla fkdfjhs fojeks C%uh wod< wmrdOh isÿ jQfha frdau jHjia:djg w;aika l< rgl N+ñ m%foaYh we;=<; kï kvq mejÍu tal;a wfma rgg wod< keye ;=kajeks C%uh, frdau jHjia:djg w;aika l< rgla Wla; wmrdOh ms<sn|j tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdrlaIl uKav,hg fhdackdjla bÈßm;a lsÍu wkak wmg wod< jk ;ek fï fouqyqka mÍlaIKfhka miqj wfma rfÜ t,aààBh mrdch lsÍug lghq;= l< foaYmd,k iy ñ,sgßuh kdhl;ajh fya.a wêlrKhg /f.k hd hq;= hehs tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdrlaIl uKav,hg fhdackdjla /f.k wdfjd;a th tys ks;H idudðlhka 05 fokd we;=¿ idudðlhka 09 fokl=f.a Pkaofhka iïu; fjkak ´fk ks;H idudðlhka 05 fokd w;r bkakjd Ökh iy reishdj fï olajd tjeks fhdackdjla wdjd kï reishdj iy Ökh wmg mlaIj ;uhs lghq;= lf<a oeka Y%S ,xldj ish;skau fï fhdackdj ms<s.ekSu ksid fï ms<sn|j tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdrlaIl uKav,hg /f.k tk fhdackdjg úreoaO ùug reishdjg iy Ökhg ;sfnk whs;sh wjika ù ;sfnkjd Y%S ,xld wdKavqj ;ukaf.a w;skau fn,a,g f;dKavqj od .kak fldg tal je<elaùug reishdjg iy Ökhg ;sfnk reodj l=ulao@ fï úÈyg ;uhs oeka wmj fya.a wêlrKhg /f.k hdug mdr lemS we;af;a ta ú;rla fkdfjhs tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkj ysñlï flduidßia yqfiaka l=udrhdf.a jd¾;dfjka ks¾foaY fldg ;sfnkjd ‘ Y%S ,xldj frdau jHjia:djg w;aika ;eìh hq;=hs’ lsh,d tfia w;aika ;enqjfyd;a fya.a wêlrKhg /f.k hdug ;snQ iq¿ ndOdj mjd ke;sj hkjd idudkH ck;djg fï i;H lreKq jgyd .ekSug wmyiqhs, fï ms<sn| bjish fkdyels ‘fndre lkaordjla’ fï wdKavqfõ foaYmd,k{hka úiska m%ldY lsÍu ksid
‘ðkSjd C%shdodufha m%ldYs; wruqKq’
ud oeka uf.a foaYkfha m%Odk fldgig msúfikakï ðkSjd C%shdodufha m%ldYs; wruqKq iy th msgqmi jk ienE wruqKq l=ulao@ lshk tlg fï jHdmD;sfha m%ldYs; wruqK ;uhs, Tjqka lshk úÈyg ‘Y%S ,xldfõ wdrlaIl yuqod t,aààBh iu. igka l< iufha§ wka;¾cd;sl udkqIjd§ kS;sh iy wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï kS;sh nrm;< úÈyg W,a,x>kh l<d ta ms<sn|j fidhd n,d Bg j.lsh hq;= whg ovqjï l< hq;=hs ukao Y%S ,xldj fï wka;¾cd;sl udkqIjd§ kS;shg iy wka;¾cd;sl udkj ysñlï kS;sj,g w;aika ;nd md¾Yajlrejl= ù we;s ksid’ wka;¾cd;sl udkqIjd§ kS;sh lsh,d y÷kajkafka 1949§ iïu; jqKq ðkSjd iïuq;s 04ghs ta iïuq;s y;frka l:d lrkafka hqoaOfha§ hqo jÈk md¾Yaj wkq.ukh l< hq;= kS;sÍ;s iy fldkafoais udkj ysñlï kS;sfhka woyia jkafka foaYmd,k, iudc, wd¾Ól whs;sjdislï we;=<;a wka;¾cd;sl iïuq;s .Kkdjla
m%ldYsl wruqK wkqj Èiajkafka fï fhdackdj f.k tk rdcHhka udkj ysñlïj,g .re lrk, ukqIHhdg wiSñ; fma%uhlska C%shd lrk, je/oaola ÿgqfjd;a jydu lsfmk, ta je/oaog ovqjï fkdÿkafkd;a kskao fkdhk rdcHhka úÈyghs fï l;dj we;a;lao@ fï fhdackdj f.k tkakka ljqo@ m<uqjekakd wefußld tlai;a ckmoh ì%;dkHh we;=¿ hqfrdamd ix.ufha kdhl rgj,ao ta iu. bkakjd fï whf.a b;sydih foi yeÍ neÆfjd;a th iïmQ¾Kfhkau f,a jel=Kq b;sydihla nj fmfkaú ì%;dkHh ;uhs ñksia b;sydifha jeäu ñksiqka ixLHdjla >d;kh l< rg wefußld tlai;a ckmoh ;uhs ñksia b;sydifha jeäu rgj,a .Kkdjlg fndaïn oeuQ, myr ÿka rdcHh ta wdC%uK ksid ñh.sh ixLHdj oY,laI .Kkla wefußldj wêrdcHjd§ n,fõ.hla úÈyg bÈßhg tkafka 1898 iamd[a[ - wefußld hqoaOfhka ta hqoaOfha§ Tjqka ms,smSkh hg;alr .;a;d Bg úreoaOj ms,smSkfha ‘fudfrdaÊ’ lshk ckj¾.h igka jeÿKd tl wjia:djl ms,smSk fudfrdaÊ cd;slhka 800la tl j,l ou,d wefußld yuqod úiska >d;kh l<d fï ms<sn| ,sÅ; idlaIs ;sfnkjd
fojeks f,dal hqoaOh wjika fjñka ;sìh§ lsis÷ fya;=jla fkdue;sj tjlg wefußld tlai;a ckmo ckdêm;s gDDuka ksfhda. l<d, cmdkfha kd.idls iy ysfrdaIsud hk k.rj,g kHIaál fndaïnj,ska myr fokak tlai;a cd;Skaf.a jd¾;d wkqj fndaïn ksid m<uq meh we;=<; fo,laI mkiaoyi;a ;=ka,laIh;a w;r msßila ñh.shd 1991§ brdlh tfrysj isÿ l< m<uq .,a*a hqoaOfha§ wefußld tlai;a ckmo yuqod úiska miqnisk brdl fin¿ka fo,laIhla urd oeïud fuh uq¿ukskau ðkSjd iïuq;Ska W,a,x>kh lsÍula fï brdlhg tfrys fufyhqug wKÿkakq wefußldkq yuqod m%Odkshd ckrd,a fkdauka iajdiaflda Tyq tla;rd rEmjdysks ixjdohl§ mejiqjd, ‘wms brdlh .,a hq.hg ;,aÆ l<d’ lsh,d wkak lrmq úkdYh tys§ Tyq miqnisk ,o brdl finÆka .ek fufia lshkjd ‘Tjqka myiqfjka ;=jlal=jg ì,slr .kak mq¿jka jqKd’ fï wh fïjd udkj ysñlï fma%ufhka isÿ lrkjd hehs ms<s.; yelso@ 2003§ brdlh hg;alr .ekSfuka wk;=rej 2006 jk úg muKla brdl ck;dj yh,laIhla >d;kh ù ;snqKd Tng fï ixLHdf,aLk ms<sn|j .eg¿jla ;sfhkjd kï uQ,dY% mjd i|yka lrkak mq¿jka MIT lshk wefußldkq lS¾;su;a úYaj úid,fha fjíwvúfha fï ixLHdf,aLk ;sfnkjd fuh udkj ysñlï fma%ufhka isÿ lrk fohla fkdfjhs
‘brdkh .,a hq.hg ;,aÆ l<d’ hehs jyisnia fovQ wefußldj t;ekska k;r jqfKa keye wdrlaIl uKav,hg fhdackdjla f.kú;a brdlhg mßmQ¾K iïndOl mekjQjd ta mßmQ¾K iïndOl mekùu ksid brdlh ld,lkaks ;eklg jegqKd f;,a úl=Kd.kak neß jqKd ukaofmdaIKh me;sreKd uõjreka kSrla;sfhka fm¿Kd ñksiqka nv.skafka ÿIafmdaIKfhka uefrkak mgka .;a;d hqksfima jd¾;d wkqj jirlg 90,000la muK fï uyd >d;k .ek f,dalfha úYd, l;dnyla we;s jqKd tys fldgila úÈyg wefußldkq rdcH f,alïjßh jQ ueÙ,ska ´,an%hsÜ iu. 1996§ wefußldkq laBS rEmjdyskS fiajh iïuqL idlÉPdjla meje;ajQjd tu rEmjdyskS ixjdoh meje;ajQfha f,ia,s iagd,a lsh,d uyf;la tys§ f,ia,s iagd,a wykjd ‘mßmQ¾K iïndOl mekùu ksid fï olajd mka,laIhla ñhf.dia ;sfnkjd thska yß wvla <uhska fïl f.úh hq;= ñ,lao@’ lsh,d tys§ uola ksyvj b|,d ´,an%hsÜ ue;sksh lshkjd ‘tal ÿIalr ;SrKhla ta;a tal lrkak ják jevla’ lsh,d brdlfha <uhska we;=¿ mka,laIhla ñhhdu, f.úh hq;= ñ,la lsh,d i,lk cd;shla, tlg iyfhda.h fok ì%;dkHh, lekvdj yd hqfrdamd ix.ufha rgj,a udkj ysñlï ms<sn| fma%ufhka o fïl lrkafka uy;ajreks fï jxpkslNdjh meyeÈ,s lsÍug ksoiqka ish .Kkska olajkak mq¿jka
uu ;j;a tla ksoiqkla muKla bÈßm;a lrkakï wm%sldfõ ueo fldgfia ;sfhkjd l=vd rdcHhla rejkavdj lsh,d ta rfÜ;a wfma rfÜ jf.a .egqula ;snqKd 1994 wfma%,a udifha§ ta rfÜ ckdêm;sjrhdj >d;kh l<d bkamiqj úYd, ukqIH >d;khla isÿ jqKd th fld;rï ìhlre o lshkjd kï udi 05l§ ,laI 08la >d;kh l<d Th uy;ajre n,,d we;s ‘fydfÜ,a rejkavd’ lshk Ñ;%mgh taflka lshefjkafka fï ìhlre l;dj ta úYd, ukqIH >d;kh msgqmi ysáfha rejkavd foaYfm%aó fmruqK kï jQ t,aààBh n÷ ixúOdkhla tys kdhlhd jQfha fmda,a l.fï Tyq fï uyd >d;kfhka miqj rejkavdfõ ckdêm;s Oqrhg m;a jqKd Tyq wefußldfõ ñ;%fhla ngysr kj ,snr,a f.da,ShlrK udÈ,sh ms<s.kakd ;eke;af;la ta ksid Tyqg úreoaOj wefußldj fyda tlai;a cd;Ska fyda lsisjla lf<a keye ta ú;rla fkdfjhs 2005§ iamd[a[fha ueÙßÙ k.rfha meje;ajqKq ‘tlai;a cd;Skaf.a iyi%l ixj¾Ok wNsu;d¾:’ kï jevigyfka m%.;sh iudf,dapkh lsÍfï /qiaùfï iNdm;s úÈyg f;dard .;af;a fmda,a l.fï b;du ixlaIsma;j i|yka lrkjd kï, fï ðkSjd C%shdoduh msgqmi ;sfnkafka udkj ysñlï ms<sn| fma%uhla fkdfjhs
fï ls%hdoduh msgqmi udkj ysñlïj,g jvd ;sfnkjd, Y%S ,xldj we;=f<a ;sfnk foaYdmd,k, wd¾Ól, iudc, ñ,sgß, wêlrK, md¾,sfïka;=, ue;sjrK C%shdoduh uq¿ukskau fjkia lsÍfï Wjukdjla tjeks fhdackd lrkak tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkhg whs;shla keye yqfiaka l=udrhdg whs;shla keye tlai;a cd;Ska mokï fjkafka tys m%{ma;sh u; m%{ma;sfha fojeks j.ka;sfhys meyeÈ,sj i|yka fjkjd, tlai;a cd;Ska C%shd;aul úh hq;= uQ,O¾u 07la ms<sn|j tys m<uqjekak ;uhs ‘cd;Skaf.a iaffjÍ iudkd;au;djh’ Y%S ,xldj fjka lr,d wrka ovqjï lrkak neye y;ajeks uQ,O¾ufhys ;sfnkjd, ‘rgl w;HjYHfhkau wNHka;r hehs ie,lsh yels lreKq iïnkaOfhka ueÈy;a úh fkdyel’ lsh,d wfma rfÜ bvï whs;sh iy mßyrKh .ek tlai;a cd;Skag fyda udkj ysñlï ljqkais,hg ks¾foaY bÈßm;a lrkak neye tfyu kï fï msgqmi ;sfnkafka fjk;a jHdmD;shla uf.a lshùu wkqj ta jHdmD;sh ;uhs, kj ,snr,a f.da,ShlrK wd¾Ól fudv,h fï rfÜ me,mÈhï lsÍfï Wjukdj
ngysr rgj,a uE; hq.fha§ wêrdcH f.dvke.=jd ta wêrdcH f.dvke.Sfuka fld,a,lk ,o Okfhka ;uhs Tjqka wo b;d by< Ôjk ;;a;ajhla ysñlr f.k isákafka kuq;a miq.sh ishjfia we;s jQ fjkialï ksid ta mer‚ wêrdcH C%uh ì| jegqKd iudcjdoh lsh,d tlla wdjd ukqIH ixy;sfha wjdikdjg 90 oYlfha§ iudcjdoh ì| jefgkjd fidaúhÜ foaYh ì| jefgkjd bkamiqj wefußld tlai;a ckmoh we;=¿ ngysr rgj,a wr l,ska meje;s ;;a;ajfhkau f,dalh md,kh lsÍfï ie,eiaula ilia lr,d th mshjfrka mshjr C%shdjg k.kjd tal ;uhs wo foaYmd,k úoHdfõ§ ‘kj ,snr,a f.da,ShlrKh’ fyj;a kj wêrdcHjdoh lshd y÷kajkafka
fï kj wêrdcHjdofha iajNdjh meyeÈ,s lsÍu i|yd uu wefußldkq nqoaê uKav,fha idudðlhl= l< m%ldYhla Wmqgd olajkakï Tyqf.a ku uhsl,a kdfÜÊ Tyq ydjÙ úYaj úoHd,fha flkä wdKavqC%u mdif,a udkj ysñlï ms<sn| m%;sm;a;s wOHhk wxYfha uydpd¾hjrfhla Tyq mjikjd ‘wefußld wêrdcHh mer‚ wêrdcH jf.a fkdfjhs thg hg;aúð; keye 21 jeks ishjfia wêrdcHjdoh foaYmd,k úoHdfõ wÆ;a fidhd .ekSula tys iajNdjh ;uhs, ieye,aÆ wêrdcHhla mej;Su fï wêrdcHfha f;aud mdG fudkjdo@ udkj ysñlï, ksoyia fj<|fmd<, m%cd;ka;%jdoh^fu;ek ke;s tlla wms we;=<;a lruq ‘hymd,kh’ lsh,d& f,dalfha fuf;la oel we;s ìhlreu hqo hdka;%Kh u.ska ;uhs tal C%shd;aul lrkafka th kHdh wkqj udkqIjdÈhs, m%fhda.slj wêrdcHjdÈhs th mrdëk iajdêm;Hh ks¾udKh lrkjd kHdh wkqj wfkla rgj,g ksoyi ;sfnkjd kuq;a we;a; jYfhkau ksoyi keye wefußlka yuqod fnda,alka m%foaYfha, we*a.ksia:dkfha, brdlfha bkafka wehs@ wefußldjg foaYmd,k, wd¾Ól jYfhka jeo.;a jk N+ñ l,dm md,kh lsÍu i|yd’ lsh,d tal ;uhs fï jHdmD;sh
wms wefußldkq ckdêm;s ne/la Tndud 2015 uehs 08 jeksod isÿ l< fujeks m%ldYhla i,ld n,uq th;a fjÙwäúj,ska n,kak mq¿jka Tyq fuu m%ldYh isÿ lrkafka iqm%isoaO ‘khsla’ iud.fï W;aijhl§ foaYkhla mj;ajñka j;auka wefußldkq ckdêm;sjrhd lshkjd, ‘wfma wd¾Ólh f.da,Sh jYfhka Yla;su;aj ;sfnk w;r f,dal wd¾Ólfha kS;s wms ;uhs ,shkafka, lshk tl iy;slr .kak ´fk wms ,shqfõ ke;s kï Ökh th lrdú’ lsh,d wms ia;+;sjka; fjkak ´fk ta wefußlka kdhlhkag Tjqka fï úÈyg we;a; lshkjdg
fï jif¾ fjila ojiaj, wefußldkq rdcH f,alï fcdaka flÍ Y%S ,xldjg wdjd ta ms<sn|j bx.%Sis mqj;am;lg ,smshla ,shñka Y%S ,xldfõ m%Odk fmf,a rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhl m%Odkshd lshkjd ‘fcdaka flÍf.a ixpdrh, ug nqÿkajykafia Y%S ,xldjg jevu lrùu isys .kajkjd’ lsh,d kuq;a n,kak fcdaka flÍ fuys meñK m%ldY l< foh ’Tnf.a rg msysgd ;sfnkafka ykaÈhl ta ykaÈfhka iïnkaO jkafka wm%sldj, ol=Kq wishdj yd ke.fkysr wdishdj’ lsh,hs fcdka flÍ lsõfõ oeka f,dalfha jeäu wd¾Ól j¾Okh ;sfnkafka fï N+ñ l,dmfha ta jf.au fcdaka flÍ fuys§ mejiqjd ‘bkaÈhka id.rh ;uhs f,dalfha jeo.;au jd‚c .uka ud¾.h Y%S ,xldfõ N+f.da,Sh msysàu wkqj kQ;k iÔú .;sl bkaÿ - Ydka;slr l,dmhl kdNsh fjkak Tng mq¿jjka’ lsh,d ta jf.au fcdaka flÍ lSjd, ‘ta ld¾h i|yd wm Tng Woõ lrkakï’ lsh,d fï ;uhs ðkSjd C%shdoduh msgqmi ;sfnk we;a; l;dj
uyskao rdcmlaI ysgmq ckdêm;sjrhd tlai;a ckmofha, hqfrdamd ix.ufha yd bkaÈhdfõ ´kE tmdlï wkqj C%shd l<d kï fï ðkSjd fhdackdj tkafka keye tfyu kï Tyqg;a fmda,a l.fïg jf.a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a úu¾Yk uKav,hl iNdm;s fjkak ;snqKd wka;¾cd;sl hqo wmrdO wêlrKhg f.k hdfuka we;a;gu ñfokak ;snqKd fukak wms rgla úÈyg uqyqK § ;sfnk wNsfhda.h
uu olsk úÈyg ðkSjd C%shdoduh fldaÜfÜ rcq mD;=.SiSkag fld<U fldgqjla yokak ÿkakdg iudkhs bkamiqj isxy, rcq mD;=.SiSka m,jd yeÍug ,kafoaiSka f.kajd .;a;dg iudkhs bkamiqj 1815§ Wvrg .súiqu w;aika l<dg iudkhs 1987§ bkaÿ - ,xld .súiqu w;aika l<dg iudkhs 2002 fmnrjdß udifha§ tjlg meje;s tlai;a cd;sl fmruqKq wdKavqj t,aààBh iu. w;aika l< igka úrdu .súiqug iudkhs ksoyia, ksjy,a cd;shla f,i mej;Sug kï fï Wjÿfrka wms rgla f,i ñÈh hq;=hs wmg .e,fmk jdia;úl wd¾Ól, iudc udÈ,shla wkq.ukh lrkakg kï, cd;Ska w;r ixys¢hdj we;s lrkakg kï wms fï Wjÿfrka ñÈh hq;=hs
fï Bkshd wka;¾cd;sl m%cdj ueÈy;a jqKq iEu rglau wo uqyqK md isákafka ìhlre fÄojdplhlg we,aÔßhdfõ ysgmq kdhl yqjdß nquähka fufia mjid ;snqKd ‘fï wd¾Ól rgdj fjkia fkdjqfKd;a hï ojil wfma rgj, isg oY,laI ixLHd; ckhd hqfrdamhg ixC%uKh ùu j<lajkak neye’ lsh,d Tyq wkdjels lshk fcda;sI{hl= fkdfjhs kuq;a foaYmd,kh yd wd¾Ólh yßhg lshjkak oekf.k isá rdcH kdhlfhla Tyq lshmq foa wo i;Hhla wo wm yuqfõ ;sfnk m%Yakh ‘wms t;ekg hkjdo@ Èkd.;a ksjy,aNdjh /lf.k wmg iqÿiq wNsu; wd¾Ól udÈ,shla Tiafia w§k cd;shla jYfhka f,dalh iu. tlai;aj, iu.sfhka bÈßhg hkjdo@’ lshk tlhs
fï wNsfhda.h ch.ekSu myiq keye jeä msßi bkafka wfkla msf,a miq.sh uy ue;sjrKfha§ uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d w.ue;s fõ hehs wfmalaIdfjka tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkhg Pkaoh ÿka ck;djf.a Pkaofhka uka;%S Oqrhla ,nd.;a;= úYd, msßila wfkla ms,g m,d .shd Tjqka .ek mqÿu fjkak ´fk keye fyg Èkfha§ ‘foaYiSud fkdue;s fou< B<dï rdcHfha isysk w.ue;sjrhd’ reøl=udrka fï rfÜ w.ue;s jqj;a Tjqka t;ekg hkjd bka miafia Tjqka lshkjd, ‘fïl ;uhs wms ld,hla ;siafia n,d ysgmq wdKavqj oeka tal wdjd’ lsh,d ta ksihs fï wNsfhda.h nrm;< fjkafka
fï ms<sn|j ck;dj wjÈ l< hq;=hs oekqïj;a l< hq;=hs kuq;a wfma rfÜ udOHj,ska fïlg .; yels iydh w,amhs isxy, udOHj,g fï C%shdoduh ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ;sfnkjdo@ lshd ug ielhs wjfndaOhla ;snqK;a Tjqka l:d lrkafka keye bx.%Sis mqj;am;a fï ms<sn|j okakjd kuq;a ,xldfõ tla bx.%Sis mqj;am;la yer wfkla ishÆ bx.%Sis mqj;am;a fmkS isákafka fï wefußldkq jHdmD;sh fjkqfjka, fï wdKavqj fjkqfjka ta ksid fï nrm;< wNsfhda.h ch.ekSu i|yd ck;dj oekqïj;a lsÍu i|yd wms fï wdldrhg fkdlvjd lghq;= lruq’’
igyk (- wkqreoaO nKavdr rKjdrK
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