uq¿;eka f.a ;=< ke;sju neß fohla ;uhs ishU,d lshkafka fydoaolg odkak ú;rla fkfjhs pÜks, cEï yd rij;a îu idokak;a ishU,d fhdod .kakjd ishU,d lrf,ka ,nk rij;a weUq, fjk;a lsisjlska ,nd.kak nE ta ;rugu thgu wdfõ‚l rila weUq,la ishU,d i;=j m;skjd
l=iaish ;=< úfgl rildrl øjHhla f,i Ndú; lrk ishU,d Ndú;fhka ;eïnqï fydoaola jqK;a yod.kak mq¿jka wdydr jákdlu jf.au wdhq¾fõo jákdlu ;=<;a fï Ydlhg ysñ jkafka iqúfYaI ;ekla
fï ms<sn| wdhq¾fõofha ixys;d .%ka:j,;a i|yka fjkjd wï,sld, Ñkapd, ;s;a;Sä hk kïj,ska y÷kajk ishU,d Ydlhg ydkshla lf<d;a fmr rc ldf,a o~qjï ,efnkjd
ta;rugu fï Ydlhg jákdlula ysñ jqfKa T!Iëh .=Kh ksihs b;sydih .ek l;d lroaÈ ˜tod fy<Èj˜ rpkd l< frdnÜ fkdlaia
w;awvx.=jg m;aù ;sfnkafka ishU,d .ila hg isák úg
wfma wdhq¾fõofha wï, j¾.j,g úfYaI ;ekla ysñjqKd wï, j¾. j,ska flfrk m%n,;u ld¾hhla ;uhs yoj;a frda. iqj lsÍu ishU,d lshkafk;a wï, j¾.hg wh;a Ydlhla fo¿ï, ,lakdrï jf.a wï, Ydl jf.au ishU,d lshkafk;a yDohg b;du;a ys;lr Ydlhla
ol=Kq bkaÈhdj, nqreuh jeks rgj, ;sfnk ishU,d ,xldfõ iEu m%foaYhlu jejqK;a úh<s l,dmfha nyq,j yg.kakjd fï Ydlfha kscìu f,i ie,eflkafka wm%sldj np:pmVo[NM Vo[VcNM hk WoaNs; úoHd;aul kdufhka fï Ydlh y÷kajkq ,nkjd
T!Iëh m%fhdack i|yd ishU,d lr,a .fia fmd;=, fld<, u,a, ishU,d fndr, lrf, fmd;=, weg lshk iEu wx.hlau fhdod .kakjdishU,d fndr lshkafka bÿKq ishU,dj, weg whska l<du b;sß fjk ;,mh jf.a fldgig
fï fndr mrK fjkak fjkak ;uhs .=K jeä mrK ishU,d fndr l,al iy .=<s wUrkak;a .kakjd WodyrK úÈhg rdundK jà, iajhxúÿr jà jeks T!IO y÷kajkak mq¿jka f.dvla u,noaOhg ishU,d fld<hs, o¨hs, keáhs fldgd ta hqI fndkak fokj kï thska ñfokak mq¿jka
Èk lsysmhla th lrkak tfyu;a ke;skï ishU,d fld<, keá, o¨ uqÜáhl oud j;=r m; 8la oud th 1g is| lIdhla idodf.k Wfoag m; Nd.hla yjig m; Nd.hla fndkak Èk 4la muK fï lIdh fndkj kï u,noaOfhka ñfokak mq¿jka ta ú;rla fkfjhs reêrh msgjk w;Sidr frda.Skag;a ishU,d fld< lIdh b;du;a .=Kodhlhs
ta jf.au md,khlska f;drj isÿjk w;Sidr frda.h iqjlr.kak fyd| mdkhla uu lshkakï ishU,d keá, lrmsxpd keá, fm;s mqjla, wr¿ hk tajd l<x 3 ne.ska wrf.k thg j;=r m; 8la oud m; tlg is| fmrdf.k Wfoa, iji m; Nd.h ne.ska thg iys| ¨Kq álla ñY% lr fndkak
we;eï whg fiu ;o jqKdu leiai;a, y;sh;a yg.kakjd tjka frda. i|yd ishU,d fndr, weUq,a fodvï weg, uqoaormam,ï, wuq bÕ=re, je,aó .%Eï 12 ne.ska iuj wrf.k lIdhla idod ó me‚ iuÕ ñY% lr Wfoa, iji m; Nd.h ne.ska fndkak
Èk 4la muK fï lIdh Ndú; lrkak f.dvla fokl=g ;sfnk fohla ;uhs lEu wreÑh th uÕyrjd wdydr reÑh jvjkak ishU,dj,ska rij;a mdkhla idod.kak mq¿jka
tys ku Ñxpd mdkh idokafk fufyuhs bÿKq ishU,d .%Eï 100la ^weg bj;a lr .kak& neomq iQÿre .%Eï 10la, j;=r ñ,s,Sg¾ 400la, iSks .%Eï 200la, iys| ¨Kq .%Eï 10la, neomq .ïñßia l=vq .%Eï 5la fï i|yd wjYHhs
uq,skau ishU,d j;=f¾ Èhlr fyd¢ka fmrd .kak miqj thg iSks oud fyd¢ka ñY% lr wfkla øjHh;a ñY% lr Èklg fojrla muK fndkak Èk lsysmhla fuh lf<;a lEu wreÑh ke;s fjkjd
ishU,d lshkafka fmdaIK .=Kh b;du;au wêl Ydlhla fm%daàka, ldfndayhsfâ%Ü, le,aishï, fmdiamria, ue.akSishï jeks fmdaIH mod¾: fï T!Iëh Ydlfha mj;skjd ta ksidu fuh YÍr wNHka;rhg jf.au ndysr fmkqug;a jákd Ydlhla
weia f,v iqjhg;a ishU,d .=Khs weia r;=ùu, l÷¿ .e,Su, k.k tau jeks frda.j,§ ishU,d fld< ;ïnd ta j;=frka weia fidaokak ta ;eïnQ fld<j,ska weia jfÜ ;jkak Èk lsysmhla fuh lsÍfuka iqjh ,nkak mq¿jka
ishU,d fyd| fõokd kdYl øjHhla ;e¿ul§, bÈuqul§ wuq ishU,d uo iy fld< isyska f,i wUrd <sfma r;alr th fõokd ;e<Sïj, wdf,am lrkak
wfma foaYSh wdhq¾fõofha fyd| T!IOhla ;sfnkjd tys ku ÑxpdYdr yokafk fufyuhs ishU,d .fia fmd;= iy lr,aj, fmd;= wrf.k ueá n÷klg oud th ;j;a ueá n÷klska jid <sfma ;nd .sks oukak ta fmd;= w¿ jk;=re mqÉpd th <sfmka nd l=vqlr .kak
bkamiq ta pQ¾Kh j;=fr Èhlr Èklg fojrla muK mdkh lrkak uq;%d .,a ÈhlsÍug, uq;%d oeú,a,g, uq;%dYh wdY%s; úiîc kdYkhg ta T!IOh .=Khs
mqreI md¾Yajhg yg.kakd .eg¨jla ;uhs Y=l% W!k;dj jkaoHdNdjhg th fya;=jla Y=l% j¾Okh lrkak ishU,dj,ska T!IOhla idod.kak yeá uu lshkakï ishU,d weg iaj,amhla wrf.k tajdfha fmd;a; bj;a lr ta uoh Èkla j;=f¾ oud ;nkak
bka miq ta weg uo lnf, neo l=vqlr weiqreulg oud ;nd.kak Èklg f;a yekaola c,h fyda fjk;a mdkhla iuÕ ñY% lr mdkh lrkak i;s lsysmhla fuh lrkak Y=l% j¾Okhg th fyd|
T!IOhla
yoj;a frda.j,ska isák wh jf.au ksfrda.Sj Ôj;a fjkak wdi lrk whg fndkak fyd| mdkhla ;uhs ishU,d mdkh f;a fjkqjg fuh fndkak mq¿jka ishU,d fld< u| mjfka úh<d fnda;,hlg od.kak Èkm;d WKq j;=frka ;ïnd ishU,d f;a ri Tng ú|.kak mq¿jka rEm,djKHh lghq;= i|yd ishU,d jeo.;a fjkjd
ifï we;s uereKq iෛ, bj;a lrkak fyd| wdf,amkhla ;uhs ishU,d ishU,d fndr iaj,amhla iys| ¨Kq iaj,amhla ñY% lr uqyqfKa uidÊ lrñka wdf,am lrkak wêl úh<s iu;a, wêl f;,a iu;a bj;a lr uOHia: iula ,nkak fyd| meyehla ,nkak;a th .=Kd;aulhs
ishU,d fndr iy yl=re álla wr.kak tkid,a, lrdnq keá, ñßia iaj,amh ne.ska fjku ;nd.kak ishU,d yd yl=re c,h iaj,amhla iuÕ ñY% lr <sfma ;nd Wl= moug idod.kak bkamiq b;sß øjH fyd¢ka ñY% lr <sfmka ndf.k fyd¢ka weiqreï lr ;nd Ndú; lrkak
ishU,d fndr .%Eï 500la wrf.k thg j;=r iaj,amhla iy iSks wjYH moug ñY% lr <sfma ;nkak bka miq lrdnq keá, lrouqx.=, lnf,ka neo thg ñY% lr Wl= moug wd miqj <sfmka nd fnda;,h lg weiqreï lr wjYH úg lkak mdka, frdá, fIdaÜBiaÜ iuÕ wdydrhg .kak;a mq¿jka fuh rij;a .=Kj;a cEï tlla
ishU,d Ydlh i;=j uki ksrjq,a lsÍfï .=Khla mj;skjd tksid rd, wrlal= î,d wêl f,i u;ajQ mqoa.,hkaf.a u; uÕyrjkak ishU,d mdkhla ÿkak kï mq¿jka fuh m¾fhaIK uÜgñka wms ;yjqre lr.;a fohla
uia, ud¿ YS;lrKhl fkdoeuQ úg krla fjkjd kuq;a bÿKq ishU,d lr,a fndr uia, ud¿ iuÕ ñY% lf<d;a tajd krla fkdjk f,i l,a mj;ajd .ekSfï yelshdjla mj;skjd thg fya;=j ;uhs fï Ydlfha mj;sk ridhksl ix>glj,g mj;sk jeo.;alu
l=iaish ;=< úfgl rildrl øjHhla f,i Ndú; lrk ishU,d Ndú;fhka ;eïnqï fydoaola jqK;a yod.kak mq¿jka wdydr jákdlu jf.au wdhq¾fõo jákdlu ;=<;a fï Ydlhg ysñ jkafka iqúfYaI ;ekla
fï ms<sn| wdhq¾fõofha ixys;d .%ka:j,;a i|yka fjkjd wï,sld, Ñkapd, ;s;a;Sä hk kïj,ska y÷kajk ishU,d Ydlhg ydkshla lf<d;a fmr rc ldf,a o~qjï ,efnkjd
ta;rugu fï Ydlhg jákdlula ysñ jqfKa T!Iëh .=Kh ksihs b;sydih .ek l;d lroaÈ ˜tod fy<Èj˜ rpkd l< frdnÜ fkdlaia
w;awvx.=jg m;aù ;sfnkafka ishU,d .ila hg isák úg
wfma wdhq¾fõofha wï, j¾.j,g úfYaI ;ekla ysñjqKd wï, j¾. j,ska flfrk m%n,;u ld¾hhla ;uhs yoj;a frda. iqj lsÍu ishU,d lshkafk;a wï, j¾.hg wh;a Ydlhla fo¿ï, ,lakdrï jf.a wï, Ydl jf.au ishU,d lshkafk;a yDohg b;du;a ys;lr Ydlhla
ol=Kq bkaÈhdj, nqreuh jeks rgj, ;sfnk ishU,d ,xldfõ iEu m%foaYhlu jejqK;a úh<s l,dmfha nyq,j yg.kakjd fï Ydlfha kscìu f,i ie,eflkafka wm%sldj np:pmVo[NM Vo[VcNM hk WoaNs; úoHd;aul kdufhka fï Ydlh y÷kajkq ,nkjd
T!Iëh m%fhdack i|yd ishU,d lr,a .fia fmd;=, fld<, u,a, ishU,d fndr, lrf, fmd;=, weg lshk iEu wx.hlau fhdod .kakjdishU,d fndr lshkafka bÿKq ishU,dj, weg whska l<du b;sß fjk ;,mh jf.a fldgig
fï fndr mrK fjkak fjkak ;uhs .=K jeä mrK ishU,d fndr l,al iy .=<s wUrkak;a .kakjd WodyrK úÈhg rdundK jà, iajhxúÿr jà jeks T!IO y÷kajkak mq¿jka f.dvla u,noaOhg ishU,d fld<hs, o¨hs, keáhs fldgd ta hqI fndkak fokj kï thska ñfokak mq¿jka
Èk lsysmhla th lrkak tfyu;a ke;skï ishU,d fld<, keá, o¨ uqÜáhl oud j;=r m; 8la oud th 1g is| lIdhla idodf.k Wfoag m; Nd.hla yjig m; Nd.hla fndkak Èk 4la muK fï lIdh fndkj kï u,noaOfhka ñfokak mq¿jka ta ú;rla fkfjhs reêrh msgjk w;Sidr frda.Skag;a ishU,d fld< lIdh b;du;a .=Kodhlhs
ta jf.au md,khlska f;drj isÿjk w;Sidr frda.h iqjlr.kak fyd| mdkhla uu lshkakï ishU,d keá, lrmsxpd keá, fm;s mqjla, wr¿ hk tajd l<x 3 ne.ska wrf.k thg j;=r m; 8la oud m; tlg is| fmrdf.k Wfoa, iji m; Nd.h ne.ska thg iys| ¨Kq álla ñY% lr fndkak
we;eï whg fiu ;o jqKdu leiai;a, y;sh;a yg.kakjd tjka frda. i|yd ishU,d fndr, weUq,a fodvï weg, uqoaormam,ï, wuq bÕ=re, je,aó .%Eï 12 ne.ska iuj wrf.k lIdhla idod ó me‚ iuÕ ñY% lr Wfoa, iji m; Nd.h ne.ska fndkak
Èk 4la muK fï lIdh Ndú; lrkak f.dvla fokl=g ;sfnk fohla ;uhs lEu wreÑh th uÕyrjd wdydr reÑh jvjkak ishU,dj,ska rij;a mdkhla idod.kak mq¿jka
tys ku Ñxpd mdkh idokafk fufyuhs bÿKq ishU,d .%Eï 100la ^weg bj;a lr .kak& neomq iQÿre .%Eï 10la, j;=r ñ,s,Sg¾ 400la, iSks .%Eï 200la, iys| ¨Kq .%Eï 10la, neomq .ïñßia l=vq .%Eï 5la fï i|yd wjYHhs
uq,skau ishU,d j;=f¾ Èhlr fyd¢ka fmrd .kak miqj thg iSks oud fyd¢ka ñY% lr wfkla øjHh;a ñY% lr Èklg fojrla muK fndkak Èk lsysmhla fuh lf<;a lEu wreÑh ke;s fjkjd
ishU,d lshkafka fmdaIK .=Kh b;du;au wêl Ydlhla fm%daàka, ldfndayhsfâ%Ü, le,aishï, fmdiamria, ue.akSishï jeks fmdaIH mod¾: fï T!Iëh Ydlfha mj;skjd ta ksidu fuh YÍr wNHka;rhg jf.au ndysr fmkqug;a jákd Ydlhla
weia f,v iqjhg;a ishU,d .=Khs weia r;=ùu, l÷¿ .e,Su, k.k tau jeks frda.j,§ ishU,d fld< ;ïnd ta j;=frka weia fidaokak ta ;eïnQ fld<j,ska weia jfÜ ;jkak Èk lsysmhla fuh lsÍfuka iqjh ,nkak mq¿jka
ishU,d fyd| fõokd kdYl øjHhla ;e¿ul§, bÈuqul§ wuq ishU,d uo iy fld< isyska f,i wUrd <sfma r;alr th fõokd ;e<Sïj, wdf,am lrkak
wfma foaYSh wdhq¾fõofha fyd| T!IOhla ;sfnkjd tys ku ÑxpdYdr yokafk fufyuhs ishU,d .fia fmd;= iy lr,aj, fmd;= wrf.k ueá n÷klg oud th ;j;a ueá n÷klska jid <sfma ;nd .sks oukak ta fmd;= w¿ jk;=re mqÉpd th <sfmka nd l=vqlr .kak
bkamiq ta pQ¾Kh j;=fr Èhlr Èklg fojrla muK mdkh lrkak uq;%d .,a ÈhlsÍug, uq;%d oeú,a,g, uq;%dYh wdY%s; úiîc kdYkhg ta T!IOh .=Khs
mqreI md¾Yajhg yg.kakd .eg¨jla ;uhs Y=l% W!k;dj jkaoHdNdjhg th fya;=jla Y=l% j¾Okh lrkak ishU,dj,ska T!IOhla idod.kak yeá uu lshkakï ishU,d weg iaj,amhla wrf.k tajdfha fmd;a; bj;a lr ta uoh Èkla j;=f¾ oud ;nkak
bka miq ta weg uo lnf, neo l=vqlr weiqreulg oud ;nd.kak Èklg f;a yekaola c,h fyda fjk;a mdkhla iuÕ ñY% lr mdkh lrkak i;s lsysmhla fuh lrkak Y=l% j¾Okhg th fyd|
T!IOhla
yoj;a frda.j,ska isák wh jf.au ksfrda.Sj Ôj;a fjkak wdi lrk whg fndkak fyd| mdkhla ;uhs ishU,d mdkh f;a fjkqjg fuh fndkak mq¿jka ishU,d fld< u| mjfka úh<d fnda;,hlg od.kak Èkm;d WKq j;=frka ;ïnd ishU,d f;a ri Tng ú|.kak mq¿jka rEm,djKHh lghq;= i|yd ishU,d jeo.;a fjkjd
ifï we;s uereKq iෛ, bj;a lrkak fyd| wdf,amkhla ;uhs ishU,d ishU,d fndr iaj,amhla iys| ¨Kq iaj,amhla ñY% lr uqyqfKa uidÊ lrñka wdf,am lrkak wêl úh<s iu;a, wêl f;,a iu;a bj;a lr uOHia: iula ,nkak fyd| meyehla ,nkak;a th .=Kd;aulhs
ishU,d fndr iy yl=re álla wr.kak tkid,a, lrdnq keá, ñßia iaj,amh ne.ska fjku ;nd.kak ishU,d yd yl=re c,h iaj,amhla iuÕ ñY% lr <sfma ;nd Wl= moug idod.kak bkamiq b;sß øjH fyd¢ka ñY% lr <sfmka ndf.k fyd¢ka weiqreï lr ;nd Ndú; lrkak
ishU,d fndr .%Eï 500la wrf.k thg j;=r iaj,amhla iy iSks wjYH moug ñY% lr <sfma ;nkak bka miq lrdnq keá, lrouqx.=, lnf,ka neo thg ñY% lr Wl= moug wd miqj <sfmka nd fnda;,h lg weiqreï lr wjYH úg lkak mdka, frdá, fIdaÜBiaÜ iuÕ wdydrhg .kak;a mq¿jka fuh rij;a .=Kj;a cEï tlla
ishU,d Ydlh i;=j uki ksrjq,a lsÍfï .=Khla mj;skjd tksid rd, wrlal= î,d wêl f,i u;ajQ mqoa.,hkaf.a u; uÕyrjkak ishU,d mdkhla ÿkak kï mq¿jka fuh m¾fhaIK uÜgñka wms ;yjqre lr.;a fohla
uia, ud¿ YS;lrKhl fkdoeuQ úg krla fjkjd kuq;a bÿKq ishU,d lr,a fndr uia, ud¿ iuÕ ñY% lf<d;a tajd krla fkdjk f,i l,a mj;ajd .ekSfï yelshdjla mj;skjd thg fya;=j ;uhs fï Ydlfha mj;sk ridhksl ix>glj,g mj;sk jeo.;alu
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